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    Advancements in Concentrated Solar Power: A Review of Heat Transfer and Parabolic Trough Technologies
    (Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University, 2025) Al-Aloosi, Waleed; Alaiwi, Yaser; Al-Khafaji, Zainab
    This review examines the advancements in concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies, focusing on their potential to meet energy demands sustainably while mitigating global warming. CSP systems, which harness solar energy through mirrors and lenses to generate high-temperature heat, offer a reliable alternative to fossil fuels. Key CSP technologies include Linear Fresnel Reflectors, Parabolic Dishes, Solar Towers, and Parabolic Trough Collectors (PTCs). Each system is assessed for its design, efficiency, and suitability in regions with high direct solar irradiance. Among these, PTCs are highlighted for their cost-effectiveness and thermal efficiency, with applications reaching temperatures up to 550°C, making them suitable for both small and large-scale implementations. The review also explores various heat transfer enhancement techniques, categorized into active, passive, and compound methods. Passive techniques, such as inserts, surface modifications, and nanofluids, are examined for their ability to increase heat transfer efficiency without external energy sources. Active methods like pumps, fans, and compound approaches are discussed for maximizing thermal performance. Advances in receiver design, including twisted tapes, wire coils, fins, and porous materials, are evaluated for their impact on heat transfer rates, thermal losses, and overall system efficiency. Additionally, the potential of nanofluids to improve thermal conductivity is explored. This comprehensive review underscores the importance of optimizing CSP systems to maximize efficiency, offering insights into innovations that could further enhance the adoption of solar thermal energy worldwide.
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    Thermal performance analysis in a parabolic trough solar collector with a novel design of inserted fins
    (2023) Al-Aloosi, Waleed; Alaiwi, Yaser; Hamzah, Hudhaifa
    In this research, numerical simulations of turbulent flow in a modified parabolic trough solar collector with a novel design of inserted fins along the absorber tube was carried out. The clarity and purpose of incorporating fins into the absorber tube is to improve the efficiency of the heat transfer process. These fins were inserted as repeat sets, and each set has an increasing height of fins. The 3D simulations were conducted based on the finite volume approach utilizing the ANSYS FLUENT program. The obtained data are displayed in two different sections. In the first section, investigations were carried out to show the impact of the number of inserted fins on the thermal performance of the PTC. Five different models with two, three, four, five and six numbers of localized fins were analyzed and compared with the smooth reference model. The findings exhibit that the thermal performance of all modified models within the tested range of Re is greater than that of the reference model. Additionally, the sixth model with six fins has a maximum thermal performance of 1.4. In the second section, different cross-sectional areas of inserted fins including circular, elliptical and square were examined. For the sixth model, findings reveal that the maximum thermal performance for circular, elliptical and square cross-sectional fins is 1.4, 1.31 and 1.26, respectively, at Re=4000. Moreover, the Nu increased by almost 51% by changing the Re from 4000 to 8000 for the sixth model.