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    Colonoscopy screening for colon polyps: Can it be useful at an earlier age for preventing malignant transformation?
    (Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2021) Aydin, Muhammet Fatih; Aydin, Mehmet Akif
    Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether colonoscopy screening should be performed at an earlier age than specified in the current guidelines. Material and Methods: Data of 1882 patients who presented to the gastroenterology clinic of our hospital and underwent colonoscopy were retrospectively evaluated. Polyps detected during colonoscopy were excised and sent to the pathology laboratory for histopathological examination. Patients were divided into two groups as <45 years old and >= 45 years old, and the data were compared between the groups. Results: The most common indications for colonoscopy were abdominal pain in 40.6% of the patients, rectal bleeding in 18.6%, constipation in 14.2%, anemia in 10.5%, diarrhea in 3.1%, and other reasons in 6.8%. The rate of polyps was statistically significantly higher in patients aged >= 45 years (43.3%) compared to patients aged <45 years (32.1%). The rate of neoplastic polyps was statistically significantly higher in the group aged >= 45 years compared to the group aged <45 years. The most common localizations of polyps were rectum and sigmoid colon in all age groups. Discussion: Based on our findings, we believe that the onset age of screening for colon polyps should be 45 years, as recommended by the updated guidelines. Also, colonoscopy screening should be performed in young adults without alarm symptoms who present with lower gastrointestinal complaints.
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    Effects of the pathological characteristics on the presence of multicentric thyroid tumors in the contralateral lobe
    (Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2022) Pamukcu, Muhammet; Demir, Emine; Aydin, Mehmet Akif
    Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of pathological tumor characteristics on the presence of a multicentric tumor in the contralateral lobe in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Material and Methods: A total of 46 patients aged over 18 years who underwent total thyroidectomy due to PTC in our clinic were retrospectively evaluated. Patients' demographic data such as age and gender, preoperative USG findings, postoperative pathological findings, lobe localization, and the presence of nodules in the contralateral lobe were recorded. In addition, tumor size, presence of nuclear atypia, mitotic activity, vascular invasion and extrathyroidal spread of the tumor and the presence of lymph node metastasis were obtained from pathological reports. Patients were divided into two groups as multicentric and non-multicentric, and the data were compared between these groups. Results: The mean age of the patients was 44.9 +/- 12.3 years. Twenty-three patients had papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and 23 patients had papillary thyroid carcinoma. Postoperative pathological examination revealed multicentric PTCs in 15 patients . No statistically significant difference was found between patients with and without multicentric contralateral lobe tumors in terms of primary tumor diameter, nuclear atypia, mitotic activity, tumor necrosis, vascular invasion, extrathyroidal spread and lymph node metastasis (for all p>0.05). Discussion: The pathology of the tumor in the contralateral lobe of the primary nodule can be seen with preoperative USG in the majority of patients with PTC. The presence of a multicentric tumor in the contralateral lobe is not correlated with tumor size and pathological characteristics of the tumor.
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    Nidogen-2: A new biomarker in colon cancer patients
    (Edizioni Luigi Pozzi, 2022) Kiziltan, Remzi; Cikman, Oztekin; Algul, Sermin; Aydin, Mehmet Akif; Kemik, Ozgur
    AIM: In the present study, we followed Nidogen-2 levels and clinicopathological parameters of patients with colon cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty-eight patients (F/M, 43/45; Mean age +/- SD, 57.86 +/- 1.78 years) were included. The results of serum Nidogen-2 levels were shown with respect to stage, gender, age, and metastasis. Nidogen-2 levels in the sera of colon cancer patients and healthy donors were analyzed with ELISA. RESULTS: The expression levels were significantly higher in patients (1010.8 +/- 184.36 pg/mL) than in healthy subjects (51.85 +/- 1.44 pg/mL; p<0.001). Moreover, the Nidogen-2 expression significantly increased in the clinical stages of colon cancer (p<0.01). The Nidogen-2 levels did not vary by patient age or gender. DISCUSSION: Under normal conditions, Nidogen-2 is a basal membrane protein. Nidogen-2 is primarily expressed in the extracellular matrix. Nidogen-2 has been defined as a major means to analyze the molecular pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Besides its important functions, it has been hypothesized that secreted Nidogen-2 may be a diagnostic biomarker for cancer detection. CONLUSION: These findings suggest that increased expression of Nidogen-2 may have great pathological importance in the development of colon cancer and may also show a diagnostic value for colon cancer.