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    Mixture of optical quadrature-phase shift keying and continuous-phase frequency shift keying advanced methods for monitoring optical performance in future photonic networks
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Hadeethi, Duraid Khairi Yahya Al; Uçan, Osman Nuri; Mohammed, Alaa Hamid
    This research shows that hybrid fibre systems that transmit data using both CPFSK and OQPSK (optical quadrature-phase-shift-keying) modulation techniques function well. It examines how the maximum Q factor and the minimum bit error rate vary with modulation frequency and fibre length using the proposed hybrid modulation transmission techniques. Fibre length variations at a constant modulation frequency of 300 GHz also simulate variations in optical power and received electrical power. It uses hybrid modulation techniques for CPFSK/OQPSK with 35 bits per symbol and a modulation frequency of 301 GHz to achieve varying maximum Q Factor, minimum BER, maximum signal power, and minimum noise power throughout a 35 km fibre length.