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    Sustainable Prosthetic Socket Design: A Study of Eco-Composites and Natural Fibers for Transtibial Amputees
    (American Institute of Physics, 2024) Al-Khafaji, Falah; Hamzah, Mohsin N.; Alaiwi, Yaser
    This paper examines the use of eco-composites for manufacturing prosthetic sockets, especially those reinforced by natural fibers. The composites under investigation are hybrid, with a matrix of laminating polyurethane resin (in an 80:20 ratio) combined with bamboo and kenaf natural fibers, as well as carbon fiber and perlon synthetic fibers. The mechanical properties of the eco-composites are studied with a focus on the impact of different fiber types. The composite materials were constructed in three groups, each consisting of ten layers. The first group had four perlon, two carbon fiber, and four perlon layers; the second group had two layers each of perlon, kenaf, carbon fiber, and perlon; and the third group had two perlon layers, as well as two layers each of bamboo fiber, carbon fiber, and perlon. In addition, the research included the utilization of sensors placed on four areas of the residual limb (anterior, posterior, lateral, and medial) to gauge the interface pressure between the socket and the limb. A 26-year-old male patient who had undergone a right leg amputation participated in the study. Three different levels of interface pressure were measured and become input to ANSYS 14.5 software to evaluate the stresses, deformation, and safety factors during movement. The study found that the third group exhibited the best yield stress, ultimate stress, elasticity modules, and fatigue compared to the other two groups. Additionally, the patient's gait cycle while using a conventional prosthetic and the composite prosthetic socket was analyzed using a force plate. The study found no significant difference in parameters between the two cases. However, the use of the composite prosthetic socket resulted in less obvious and more acceptable differences between the left and right limbs. © 2024 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.