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    Image leaf classification for plant diseases detection using grey wolf optimization technique
    (Altınbaş Üniversitesi / Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023) Jabbar, Amenah Nazar Jabbar; Koyuncu, Hakan
    Plant ailments have the potential to significantly affect agriculture and cause substantial financial losses. They can affect crop yields and quality, leading to lower profits for farmers and higher prices for consumers. In some cases, plant diseases can also lead to food shortages and other economic and social consequences. Thus, it's critical to create efficient plans for managing and avoiding plant diseases. The identification and diagnosis of plant illnesses using learning techniques (ML and DL) can greatly reduce the harm and monetary losses brought on by plant diseases. In this thesis a method for plant disease detection is proposed using several approaches. Three types of plant leaves are used in this thesis Peppers (two types), Potato (three types) and Tomato (Nine types). image resizing, and data augmentation are used as a preprocessing. Three type of feature extraction Histogram of Gradient (HOG), Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and Haralick feature are used. In order to choose the best features that characterize, a Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) is employed as a feature selection method. Binary classification is carried by using Support Vector Machines (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) used multi classification in Machin learning while deep learning is usedThe proposed method had SVM algorithm for pepper plant achieved an accuracy of 93.14% at 1800 sample size and 10 k-fold, while the KNN algorithm achieved an accuracy of 89.30% for potato plant at 2202 sample size, 10 k-fold and accuracy of 95.18% for tomato plant at 12000 sample size ,10 k-fold. The CNN algorithm achieved an accuracy of 98.67%for pepper plant, 99.85%for potato plant and 91.80%. also for classification all three types of planet leaf.