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    Öğe
    Chemical composition and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of endemic Thymus brachychilus jalas against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7, HTB-22), human lung adenocarcinoma (A549, CRM-CCL-185), and human glioblastoma cells (U-118 MG, HTB-15)
    (2024) Nath, Ebru Ozdemir; Abudayyak, Mahmou; Demirbolat, Ilker; Sönmez, Sefa; Kartal, Murat
    Objective: Thymus have 341 species in the world and 46 species in Turkiye, 19 of them are endemic. Thymus species are used for stomachache, cold, shortness of breath, cough, bronchitis, diabetes in Aladalar (Nide). In this study, essential oil (EO) analysis of Thymus brachychilus, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis of ethanol extract, and its effects on the cell lines mentioned in the title were investigated for the first time. Methods: The endemic Thymus brachychilus Jalas was collected from Aladalar Mountains, from 3,290 meters. Voucher specimens were prepared after the plant species were identified and kept at the herbarium (HERA 1029). 100 g of dried and powdered aerial part of the plant material was distilled for three hours, yielding 0.42 mL of volatile oil using a Clevenger-style apparatus. The 3.28 g ethanol extract was obtained from 100 g plant. An Agilent GC-FID/MS system was used to analyze EO samples. Phenolic compounds of the extract were analyzed using LC-HRMS. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of EO and ethanol extract. Results: Thymol (48.11%), p-cymene (12.92%), carvacrol (11.14%) were the major components of the EO. For the extract, the IC50 values were calculated to be between 1.64-15.76 mu g/mL, while the values of IC50 were calculated between 68.94-101.2 mu g/ mL for the essential oil. Conclusion: Both the ethanol extract and the EO caused cell death in the tested cell lines. However, the extract appeared to be more effective compared to the essential oil. Besides that, a difference between the cell types could be seen, where the U118 MG neuronal cells appeared to be the most sensitive cell line.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Chemical composition of different parts of the vitex agnus-castus l. essential oils and their in-vitro cytotoxic activities
    (2023) İnal, Ebrar; Nath, Ebru Ozdemir; Abudayyak, Mahmoud; Ulusoy, Şeyma; İnan, Hatice Akbal; Çicek, Mahmut; Kartal, Murat
    The essential oil (EO) compositions and chemotypes of the important ethnomedicinal plant Vitex agnus-castus L. flowers, leaves, and fruits collected from Turkiye (Balikesir and Istanbul) were identified in the present study. Different parts of the V. agnus-castus EO's in-vitro cytotoxic effects on the MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) and A549 (human lung carcinoma) human-origin cell lines were anaylzed in the current study. The composition of hydrodistiled EOs extracted from flowers, leaves, and fruits of V. agnus-castus were analyzed by GC-FID/MS. Monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpene compounds were detected as the predominant component class of the V. agnus-castus. EOs extracted from Balikesir region were defined as the "apinene-1,8-cineole" chemotype, while EOs extracted from Istanbul region were defined as the "sabinene-1,8-cineole" chemotype. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons constituted more than 20% of the compounds in the EOs extracted from the flowers. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to analyze the in-vitro cytotoxic effects of flowers. This study is also the first to show the in-vitro cytotoxic effects of fruit, the most commonly used part of the plant, EO on the MCF-7 cell line. Balikesir region's EOs were observed as more potent-especially the purple flower's IC50 is about 4.68 mu g/mL on the MCF7 cell line- than Istanbul regions, which might be attributed to the higher amount of a-pinene, caryophyllene, and limonene content. Our results indicated that the V. agnus-castus EOs, which contain a-pinene, 1,8-cineole, caryophyllene, and limonene as major components, showed relatively high cytotoxic effects compared to the control groups on the MCF7 and A549 cell lines.