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    Active matrix metalloproteinase-8 and interleukin-6 detect periodontal degeneration caused by radiotherapy of head and neck cancer: A pilot study
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Keskin, Mutlu; Lahteenmaki, Hanna; Rathnayake, Nilminie; Raisanen, Ismo T.; Tervahartiala, Taina; Parnanen, Pirjo; Sorsa, Timo
    Background: This cohort study investigated the role of the active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as oral fluid biomarkers for monitoring the periodontal degeneration occurring in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients treated by radiotherapy. Research design and methods: Eleven patients, aged 28-74, diagnosed with HNC were included in the study. Complete periodontal and oral examinations were performed pre-radiotherapy and 1 month after radiotherapy. Mouthrinse samples (pre-radiotherapy, after 6 weeks of radiotherapy and 1 month after radiotherapy) were assayed by aMMP-8 point-of-care-kit (PerioSafe (R)/ORALyzer (R)) for aMMP-8 and ELISA for IL-6. Results: HNC radiotherapy had a deteriorating impact on the periodontium and a significant impact on periodontal biomarkers aMMP-8 and IL-6 and increased their levels in mouthrinse. Clinical-attachment-loss (CAL) (site of greatest loss: mean = 1.7 mm, range = 1-3 mm) corresponding to rapid progression of periodontitis. There was a positive repeated measures correlation (rmcorr = 0.667) between the aMMP-8 and IL-6 levels. Conclusions: Elevated aMMP-8 levels were observed 1 month after radiotherapy among some HNC patients suggesting a prolonged increased susceptibility to further periodontal tissue destruction. Currently available aMMP-8 point-of-care testing could be useful to monitor and assess quantitatively online and real-time the risk of deterioration of periodontal health during HNC radiotherapy.
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    Author Response: Radiotherapy Increases aMMP-8-Levels and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio Rapidly in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study
    (2023) Brandt, Ella; Keskin, Mutlu; Tervahartiala, Taina; Yılmaz, Mustafa; Harmankaya, İlknur; Karaçetin, Didem; İpek, Turgut; Gürsoy, Ulvi Kahraman; Rautava, Jaana; Gupta, Shipra; Hagström, Jaana; Raisanen, Ismo T.; Sorsa, Timo
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    Periodontal disease - a late complication of head and neck cancer radiotherapy
    (2024) Brandt, Ella; Keskin, Mutlu; Raisanen, Ismo T.; Makitie, Antti; Patila, Tommi; Sorsa, Timo; Gupta, Shipra
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    Radiotherapy increases aMMP-8-levels and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio rapidly in head and neck cancer patients: a pilot study
    (2023) Brandt, Ella; Keskin, Mutlu; Tervahartiala, Taina; Yılmaz, Mustafa; Harmankaya, İlknur; Karaçetin, Didem; İpek, Turgut; Gürsoy, Ulvi Kahraman; Rautava, Jaana; Gupta, Shipra; Hagström, Jaana; Raisanen, Ismo T.; Sorsa, Timo
    Radiotherapy for head and neck carcinoma (HNC) has both curative and palliative purposes. This study investigated mouthrinse aMMP-8 levels, molecular forms of MMP-8, blood neutrophil counts and neurophil/lymphocyte ratios before and 3 weeks after HNC radiotherapy started. Thirteen HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy were included. Mouthrinse samples (before and 3 weeks after HNC radiotherapy had started) were assayed quantitatively by aMMP-8 point-of-care-kit (PerioSafe®/ORALyzer®) and by western immunoblot. Total neutrophil counts and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios were evaluated in the hemogram results. Three weeks after HNC radiotherapy started, significant increases in aMMP-8 levels and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios were observed. No significant difference was found in total neutrophil counts. Elevations of the activated and fragmented MMP-8 levels after HNC radiotherapy application were observed on western immunoblot analysis. The increase in the aMMP-8 levels and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios indicate inflammation both locally and systemically suggesting increased risk for periodontitis due to the HNC radiotherapy.