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Öğe Biyolojik delillerin tespitinde kullanılan tarama ve doğrulama testleri ve bu konudaki son gelişmeler(2018) Karadayı, Beytullah; Karadayı, Şükriye; Sezgin, NurdanOlay yerinde bulunan biyolojik örnekler, çoğu zaman olayın tüm aşamalarının aydınlatılmasında ve suçlu veya suçluların identifikasyonunda en güçlü delillerden biridir. Olayın gerçekleştiği yerdeki vücut sıvılarının yerinin saptanması ve sonrasında orijininin belirlenmesi için adli laboratuvarların rutin analizlerinde temeli mikroskobik, kimyasal, immünolojik ve spektroskopik yöntemlere dayalı olan bazı tarama ve doğrulama testleri uygulanmaktadır. Sonraki aşama ise gerekli görülen biyolojik deliller üzerinde kimliklendirme için DNA analizidir. Tarama ve doğrulama testlerinin en önemli avantajı delilin yerinin belirlenmesinin yanında, delil niteliği taşımayan örneklerin eliminasyonu sağlanarak gereksiz DNA analizi yapılmasının önüne geçilmesi ve böylece zaman kaybının ve ekonomik kayıpların önlenmesidir. Olay yeri inceleme uzmanlarının, adli biyoloji laboratuvarı çalışanlarının ve çeşitli dava dosyalarında bu tür deliller ile ilgili laboratuvar sonuçlarını yorumlayan adli tıp uzmanlarının biyolojik delillerle ilgili bilgilerinin yeterli düzeyde olması önemlidir. Rutin uygulamalarda her bir vücut sıvısının saptanmasında kullanılan ayrı testler bulunmaktadır. Çünkü, aynı yöntemle az miktardaki biyolojik örnekten tüm vücut sıvılarının saptanmasına yönelik yüksek güvenirlilikte bir test henüz rutin uygulamalara girmemiştir. Son yıllarda bu konuda çalışan araştırıcılar tarafından, yeni tekniklerin geliştirilmesine ve mevcut tekniklerin iyileştirilmesine yönelik oldukça umut verici çalışmalar yayımlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, olay yerindeki biyolojik delillerin yerinin saptanması ve elde edilen biyolojik örneklerin orijininin belirlenmesi aşamalarında kullanılan mevcut tarama ve doğrulama testlerinin tanıtılması ile bu konudaki sorunların çözümüne yönelik yeni geliştirilmiş moleküler genetik (mRNA) ve spektroskopik (floresans, raman) temelli yöntemlerin tartışılması amaçlanmıştır.Öğe Epigenetic approach in forensic age estimation(Altınbaş Üniversitesi, 2020) Karadayı, Şükriye; Sezgin, Nurdan; Karadayı, BeytullahAge estimation study is a very important research area that contributes to the solution of the forensic case by helping to identify the identity in forensic sciences. Human age estimation in the traditional way is performed by analysis of bony marks on bones and teeth. An analysis of the age estimation of biological samples from the use of genetic analysis has not yet become part of routine practice. The use of genetic analyses for forensic purposes started with the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis in the late 1980s and developed with Short Tandem Repeats (STR) analysis. Along with the technological developments in forensic genetics, progress has continued with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis, which enables the identification of hair, eye and skin color and geographic infrastructure of an unknown sample in forensic case resolution. However, recent studies in forensic genetics have focused on epigenetic mechanisms and it has been discovered that DNA methylation can be used in case resolution for forensic age estimation. With the development of DNA methylation studies, a quantitative statistical relationship has been established between DNA methylation and different age groups. T he r esults have been obtained with ± 3-4 age prediction accuracy using DNA methylation markers (CpG regions) tested to date with different methodological approaches. Thus, with the advancement of epigenetic studies in the fields of forensic sciences, the phenotypic features of the DNA of the evidence samples have been estimated with some error rates. The aim of this study is to reveal the latest developments in the field of epigenetics and evaluation of the use of epigenetic-based age estimates for forensic purposes.Öğe Publication rates of abstracts presented at the annual scientific meetings held by the American Academy of Forensic Sciences in 2011 and 2016(Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2021) Sezgin, Nurdan; Karadayı, Şükriye; Karadayı, BeytullahPrior research evaluating the papers presented in forensic sciences in international meetings is scant. This study determines the possible predictions concerning publications by comparing the publication rates, publication years, and presentation types, time until publication, participating countries, and criteria of the published journals in the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS). The publication rates of abstracts presented at scientific meetings of AAFS, a prestigious forensic science organization, along with the aforementioned components and the extent of their contribution in 2011 and 2016 were investigated. The abstracts presented at the AAFS meetings in 2011 and 2016 were reviewed retrospectively within the scope of this study. The Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases were searched using a specified process that included the title, first and last author surnames, and keywords. Results revealed that approximately 21% and 24% of the papers presented at the 2011 and 2016 AAFS meetings, respectively, were published. Considering the publication rates of abstracts according to sections, the publication rates for the 2011 AAFS meeting ranged from 4% (questioned documents) to 31% (anthropology) and from 5% (questioned documents) to 32% (pathology/biology), on average, for the 2016 AAFS meeting. It was determined that the papers were largely published in the Journal of Forensic Sciences for both annual scientific meetings. Future studies should concentrate on the obstacles to the publication of papers presented at such prestigious organizations and strategies to facilitate the publication process such that they do not lose their value over time.Öğe Publication rates of abstracts presented at the annual scientific meetings held by the American Academy of Forensic Sciences in 2011 and 2016 [2](John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Sezgin, Nurdan; Karadayi, Sukriye; Karadayi, BeytullahPrior research evaluating the papers presented in forensic sciences in international meetings is scant. This study determines the possible predictions concerning publications by comparing the publication rates, publication years, and presentation types, time until publication, participating countries, and criteria of the published journals in the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS). The publication rates of abstracts presented at scientific meetings of AAFS, a prestigious forensic science organization, along with the aforementioned components and the extent of their contribution in 2011 and 2016 were investigated. The abstracts presented at the AAFS meetings in 2011 and 2016 were reviewed retrospectively within the scope of this study. The Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases were searched using a specified process that included the title, first and last author surnames, and keywords. Results revealed that approximately 21% and 24% of the papers presented at the 2011 and 2016 AAFS meetings, respectively, were published. Considering the publication rates of abstracts according to sections, the publication rates for the 2011 AAFS meeting ranged from 4% (questioned documents) to 31% (anthropology) and from 5% (questioned documents) to 32% (pathology/biology), on average, for the 2016 AAFS meeting. It was determined that the papers were largely published in the Journal of Forensic Sciences for both annual scientific meetings. Future studies should concentrate on the obstacles to the publication of papers presented at such prestigious organizations and strategies to facilitate the publication process such that they do not lose their value over time. © 2021 American Academy of Forensic SciencesÖğe The level of ınformation and awareness of healthcare workers on bioterrorism agents(2019) Karadayı, Şükriye; Sezgin, Nurdan; Karadayı, BeytullahObjective: The masses can be affected both mentally and physically even though biological agents are used in the narrow context for the purpose of bioterrorist attack. It is important to have trained and experienced health workers whose mission and responsibility is to identify biological agents rapidly and control them before they turn into epidemic. This research aims to investigate the personnel’s knowledge and awareness about bioterrorist activities working in the public health laboratories and increase awareness by stressing the importance of topic. Material and Methods: This research was performed between October and December 2017 on 162 volunteers who have bachelor’s and undergraduate degree and work in various occupations in public health laboratories by a 21-item questionnaire. Questionnaires applied by using face-to-face interview method, and the data were evaluated with descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis. Results: When asked the level of knowledge about bioterrorism, 25.9% of participants stated that they have information about bioterrorism agents, while 18.5% don’t have information and 55.6% have partial information. Only 6.8% of the respondents considered the trainings, which they received about bioterrorism, are adequate. While 91.4% of the respondents thought that the bioterrorist agents were important risk factors for Turkey, and 58% of them stated that the most dangerous biological agent is Bacillus anthracis. Conclusion: Evaluation results show that health personnel who work in the public health laboratories had lack of knowledge on some certain topics and unawareness in the field of bioterrorism. It is believed that inside training programs about bioterrorism will be useful to resolve the lack of information and to create awareness for health personnel. Besides bio-security information should be disseminated.
