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Öğe A meta-analysis assessing the prevalence of drug-drug interactions among hospitalized patients(2023) Aksoy, Nilay; Öztürk, NurPurpose: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs), particularly in hospitalized patients can result in adverse drug events and unfavorable health consequences. The aim of this meta-analysis is to provide up-to-date evidence on the prevalence of clinically evident adverse drug events due to DDIs in hospitalized patients. Methods: Data from Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane and Web of Science were extracted using these keywords (Drug interaction/drug-drug interactions, Hospital/ hospitals, Adverse drug event, Hospitalized patients, inpatient, Department, Hospital stay, Harm, Mortality, death). The studies that include Observational studies on hospitalized patients, reporting potential DDIs using an electronic database, and reporting the clinically observed adverse drug interactions (ADI) through symptoms, signs or Laboratory tests are included. Using Open meta-Software (version 12.11.14), the incidence of clinically evident DDIs among hospitalized patients was determined and shown in a forest plot. Results: Only 15 of the 8261 articles found through a literature search met the inclusion criteria and reported the desired outcome. The pooled prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions is 64.9% (CI 95% 0.618-0.736). While clinically evident DDIs have a pooled frequency of 17.17% (CI 95% 0.133-0.256). Conclusion: The issue of DDIs remains a significant concern in hospitalized patients, with a notable rise in their prevalence. This meta-analysis encompassed a greater quantity of studies and demonstrated a heightened proportion of drug-drug interaction prevalence in comparison to the percentages reported in the previously published meta-analysis.Öğe Adherence to the antirheumatic drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis(2024) Aksoy, Nilay; Öztürk, Nur; Agh, Tamas; Kardas, PrzemyslawIntroduction: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the adherence rate for conventional and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) utilizing different assessment measures. Method: A systematic literature search was performed in four electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), covering the time frame from April 1970 to April 2023. Studies that present data on medication adherence among adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), specifically focusing on DMARDs (conventional or biological), were included in the analysis. The adherence rate for different assessment measures was documented and compared, as well as for conventional and biological DMARDs. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to assess adherence rates across different adherence assessment measures and drug groups. Results: The search identified 8,480 studies, out of which 66 were finally included in the analysis. The studies included in this meta-analysis had adherence rates ranging from 12 to 98.6%. Adherence rates varied across several adherent measures and calculation methods. Using the subjective assessment measures yielded the outcomes in terms of adherence rate: 64.0% [0.524, 95% CI 0.374-0.675] for interviews and 60.0% [0.611, 95% CI 0.465-0.758] for self-reported measures (e.g., compliance questionnaires on rheumatology CQR-5), p > 0.05. In contrast, the objective measurements indicated a lower adherence rate of 54.4% when using the medication event monitoring system (p > 0.05). The recorded rate of adherence to biological DMARDs was 45.3% [0.573, 95% CI 0.516-0.631], whereas the adherence rate for conventional DMARDs was 51.5% [0.632, 95% CI 0.537-0.727], p > 0.05. In the meta-regression analysis, the covariate "Country of origin" shows a statistically significant (p = 0.003) negative effect with a point estimate of -0.36, SE (0.12), 95% CI, -0.61 to -0.12. Discussion: Despite its seemingly insignificant factors that affect the adherence rate, this meta-analysis reveals variation in adherence rate within the types of studies conducted, the methodology used to measure adherence, and for different antirheumatic drugs. Further research is needed to validate the findings of this meta-analysis before applying them to clinical practice and scientific research. In order to secure high reliability of adherence studies, compliance with available reporting guidelines for medication adherence research is more than advisable.Öğe Assessment of primary health-care providers’ knowledge of Alzheimer’s disease in Turkey(Emerald Publishing, 2024) Ayhan, Yunus Emre; Özmen, Muhammet; Öztürk, Nur; Aksoy, NilayPurpose: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the primary cause of dementia in elderly people and needs extensive professional care. The aim of our study was to assess the level of knowledge among primary health-care providers, primarily Family Physicians (FPs) and community pharmacists (CPs), about AD and its treatment. Design/methodology/approach: A cross-sectional study using Google Forms sent by email or message to FPs and CPs in Istanbul in June–July 2023. Turkish modified the Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS) and Alzheimer’s Medicines Knowledge Level Questionnaire (AMKLQ) were used in this study. Findings: A total of 63 FPs with a mean age of 35.3 ± 7.8 and 138 CPs with a mean age of 38.6 ± 12.6 enrolled in the study. There was no statistically significant difference between FPs and CPs in terms of total ADKS score (19.82 ± 2.30 vs 19.23 ± 3.08, p = 0.136), but there was a significant difference in terms of total AMKLQ score (4.31 ± 1.40 vs 3.81 ± 1.49, p = 0.020). Health-care providers with Alzheimer’s training had a higher total AMKLQ score (OR =1.08 CI 95% [1.03–1.14], p = 0.012). Originality/value: FPs’ knowledge of AD is on par with that of CPs. Nevertheless, it has been observed that FPs have more proficiency in delivering accurate responses to the AMKLQ and ADKS inquiries, which encompass crucial details regarding the treatment of AD. The sole determinant of the highest mean AMKLQ score was found to be professional education. Collectively, these arguments emphasize the need for primary health-care practitioners to obtain comprehensive and ongoing education regarding AD and its treatment.Öğe Evaluation of educational needs of diabetic patients(University of Ankara, 2022) Aksoy, Nilay; Öztürk, Nur; Ulusoy, Serel; Umar, Rashida Muhammad; Özaydın, SenaObjective: Our study aimed to assess the role of pre-graduate pharmacy students’ participation in a diabetic education program on improving diabetic self-care. Material and Method: Thisstudy included both a cross-sectional and a longitudinal follow-up. Altinbas University fifth-year pharmacy students gathered relevant information from diabetic patients that visited community pharmacies, under the supervision of their instructor pharmacist. The participants filled out the diabetic self-care scale on their first visit before they were given the education. Patients refilled the same selfcare questionnaire after three months. Statistical package for the social science (SPSS) 26 was used for all statistical analysis. Result and Discussion: The study comprised 86 diabetic patients. The second questionnaire results showed significant improvement in all patients. The total diabetic self-care scale scores were improved remarkably after the training session. HbA1c and BMI values decreased significantly. An educational program can improve diabetic self-care and diabetic outcomes. Active participation of final year pharmacy students in patient care can also improve pharmacists' participation and contribution to patient care deliveryÖğe Integration of a virtual pharmacy simulation program “MyDispense” in clinical pharmacy education(PharmacyEducation, 2021) Aksoy, Nilay; Öztürk, NurSince the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and with the absence of conventional social interactions, artificial intelligence and simulation become essential part of sustaining productivity around the world. MyDispense, an online pharmacy simulation, allows students to experience real-life situations in a virtual professional setting to behave as a pharmacist and undertake professional tasks. Aim: The study aim was to see how MyDispense influenced pharmacy students' clinical pharmacy education outcomes. Methods: A questionnaire was used to assess satisfaction, confidence and motivation, clinical experience, and decision-making among 81 students ofboth genders pre and post the practice. Results:Pre and post-test differences in all four dimensions of the questionnaire were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results obtained from this study indicate a collective improvementin the field-related knowledge of the participants, enhanced medication management performance, and a more precise application of clinical tools.Öğe Investigation of ceftazidime-avibactam susceptibility in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria(Turkiye Klinikleri, 2022) Dumlu, Rıdvan; Yurttutan Uyar, Neval; Ayaş, Meltem; Aksoy, Nilay; Öztürk, Nur; Kocagöz, Ayşe SesinBackground/aim: Our study investigated the susceptibility rate of ceftazidime-avibactam and the risk factors associated with its resistance by analyzing gram-negative bacteria isolated from various patient samples. Materials and methods: Between March and November 2020, 1119 gram-negative bacteria strains were isolated from patient samples in Acıbadem Healthcare Group hospitals; ceftazidime-avibactam susceptibility results were evaluated using a 10/4µg (Oxoid, UK) disc and evaluated according to Eucast 2020 recommendations. Patient and isolate characteristics that could be risk factors were retrospectively investigated and statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Results: Male patients made up 52% (n = 581) of the study’s total patient population, and they averaged 55.5 ± 24.9 years old. Of 1119 gram-negative strains culture and antibiogram, 1023 (91.4%) were sensitive to ceftazidime-avibactam. An increased risk of resistance was observed with female gender (OR = 2.29; CI 95% [1.45–3.61]; p < 0.05), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (OR = 1.67, CI 95% [1.03–2.7]; p < 0.05), the presence of multidrug-resistance (MDR) (OR = 4.07, CI 95% [2.47–6.7]; p < 0.05) pandrug-resistance (PDR) (OR = 12, (CI) 95% [9.9–14.7] ]; p < 0.05) and admission to intensive care unit (ICU) (OR = 1.89, CI 95% [1.22–2.93]; p < 0.05). Conclusion: The resistance rate of ceftazidime-avibactam was found to be 8.6%, and it was thought that resistant strains produced metallo-ß-lactamase (MBL) type carbapenemase. Risk factors were female gender, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MDR, PDR, and admission to ICU. Therefore, studying the ceftazidime-avibactam susceptibility test together with gram-negative bacteria identification, especially in groups at risk for resistance, is one of the important factors that can positively affect the success of treatment.Öğe Is ChatGPT reliable and accurate in answering pharmacotherapy-related inquiries in both Turkish and English?(2024) Öztürk, Nur; Yakak, İrem; Ağ, Melih Buğra; Aksoy, NilayIntroduction: Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly ChatGPT, is becoming more and more prevalent in the healthcare field for tasks such as disease diagnosis and medical record analysis. The objective of this study is to evaluate the proficiency and accuracy of ChatGPT in different domains of clinical pharmacy cases and queries. Methods: The study NAPLEX® Review Questions, 4th edition, pertaining to 10 different chronic conditions compared ChatGPT's responses to pharmacotherapy cases and questions obtained from McGraw Hill's, alongside the answers provided by the book's authors. The proportion of correct responses was collected and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29. Results: When tested in English, ChatGPT had substantially higher mean scores than when tested in Turkish. The average accurate score for English and Turkish was 0.41 ± 0.49 and 0.32 ± 0.46, respectively, p = 0.18. Responses to queries beginning with "Which of the following is correct?" are considerably more precise than those beginning with "Mark all the incorrect answers?" 0.66 ± 0.47 as opposed to 0.16 ± 0.36; p = 0.01 in English language and 0.50 ± 0.50 as opposed to 0.14 ± 0.34; p < 0.05in Turkish language. Conclusion: ChatGPT displayed a moderate level of accuracy while responding to English inquiries, but it displayed a slight level of accuracy when responding to Turkish inquiries, contingent upon the question format. Improving the accuracy of ChatGPT in languages other than English requires the incorporation of several components. The integration of the English version of ChatGPT into clinical practice has the potential to improve the effectiveness, precision, and standard of patient care provision by supplementing personal expertise and professional judgment. However, it is crucial to utilize technology as an adjunct and not a replacement for human decision-making and critical thinking.Öğe Knowledge and attitude of students studying at health department towards HPV and HPV vaccination(Elsevier, 2022) Aksoy, Nilay; Öztürk, Nur; Ulusoy, Serel; Ömür, Muhammed FurkanThe human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common diagnosed sexually transmitted infection in the world. The most frequent disease linked to HPV is cervical cancer as well as other cancers including those of the vulva, vagina, penis, anus, and oropharynx. Our research sought to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes concerning human papillomaviruses and their vaccine among students enrolled in Altınbaş University's faculties of health sciences. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out using a survey containing 41 questions about demographic variables, knowledge, and attitudes toward HPV and HPV vaccines. The questions were distributed to students via Google form using social media applications such as WhatsApp. Results The study involved 144 students, 71.5 % of whom were female. 37.5 % % of the participants learned about HPV from social media. Knowledge of HPV is present in 82 % of females and 25 % of males. Most of the questions had more accurate replies from female than from male students p < 0.05. As a result, 88 %, 46 % of female respondents and 27 %, 14 % of male respondents, respectively, correctly answered the questions about who should receive HPV vaccinations p < 0.001 and how many doses are necessary. Conclusion Participants' awareness of HPV, HPV vaccination, and cervical cancer was rather high when compared to other research. However, there are knowledge gaps that need to be corrected and provided through educational programs.Öğe Validation of the Arabic version of medication regimen complexity ındex among older patients validation of the “MRCI-Arabic”(Knowledge E, 2023) Aksoy, Nilay; Öztürk, Nur; Okuyan, Betül; Sancar, MesutThe medication regimen complexity index is widely used in clinical practice and many studies, to assess the complexity of medication regimens. The goal of this study is to validate the medication regimen complexity index-Arabic (MRCI-Arabic) version among older patients. Methods: This methodologic study was conducted in older patients (≥ 65 years old) who were native Arabic speakers at a community pharmacy located in Istanbul, Turkey. After the translation and cultural adaptation process finished, medication regimens of 30 patients were evaluated for test-retest reliability three weeks apart by the rater who was a native Arabic speaker. The inter-rater correlation was calculated in study population (n =100). The link between the number of medications and the score of medication regimen complexity was used to assess convergent validity. The difference in the score of pharmaceutical regimen complexity in stratified age groups was used to examine discriminant validity. Results: The inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the MRCI-Arabic total scale and its subsection were extremely high (Spearman’s rho ranged from 0.996 to 1; p <0.001). There was a strong and positive correlation between the total MRCI-Arabic score and the number of medications (r = 0.830; p < 0.001), the number of chronic diseases (r = 0.641; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The Arabic validation of the MRCI is a validated tool that can be used by native Arabic-speaking healthcare professionals to determine the complexity of their patients’ medication regimens.
