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Öğe 10GHz printed circuit antenna for wireless power transfer applications(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Jassim, Yaser Amer; Çevik, Mesut; Elwi, Taha A.A high gain fractal antenna is proposed for wireless power transfer (WPT) applications at 10GHz frequency bands. The antenna is shaped from a Deltoid-leaf geometry based on a circular ring slot radiator. Such triangular fractal slots are invoked to monetarize the antenna size when printed on a partial ground and fed by microstrip-line. The effects of the fractal slots are studied to realize the antenna radiation enhancement at 10GHz with excellent bandwidth at 3GHz with S11 below -10dB. The proposed antenna is achieved to match a size of 20×20×1.6mm3 with gain of 7.1dBi. The design methodology is discussed using a parametric study based on CST MWS software package to realize the optimal antenna dimensions with S11 bandwidth from 9.1GHz-12.1GHz and gain of 7.1dBi. The optimal-antenna design is re-simulated using HFSS software package for validation to show a good agreement between the obtained data.Öğe A metamaterial-based compact MIMO antenna array incorporating hilbert fractal design for enhanced 5G wireless communication networks(International Information and Engineering Technology Association, 2023) Ali, Leena; Ilyas, Muhammad; Elwi, Taha A.A novel compact antenna array design, tailored for 5G applications, is introduced in this paper. The proposed antenna operates in the sub-6GHz frequency range, ensuring optimal wave propagation characteristics in local areas. To achieve this, a Hilbert fractal patch-based design is employed. The antenna is developed as a two-element array, catering to Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) communication systems. The overall size of the antenna array is reduced by minimizing the spacing between the antenna elements, which is achieved through the integration of Metamaterial (MTM) Minkowski inclusions as defects on the back panel. The antenna exhibits a gain greater than 4.7dBi within the targeted frequency band, with a maximum coupling of -20dB. Two primary frequency bands, centered around 3.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz, are demonstrated by the antenna array. The proposed design is fabricated and subsequently subjected to experimental testing. The measured results exhibit excellent agreement with their corresponding simulation outcomes, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed antenna design.Öğe A novel miniaturized reconfigurable microstrip antenna based printed metamaterial circuitries for 5G applications(2022) Al-Khaylani, Hayder H.; Elwi, Taha A.; Ibrahim, Abdullahi A.A novel reconfigurable sub-6 GHz microstrip patch antenna operating at three resonant frequencies 3.6, 3.9, and 4.9 GHz is designed for 5G applications. The proposed antenna is constructed from metamaterial (MTM) array with a matching circuit printed around a printed strip line. The antenna is excited with a coplanar waveguide to achieve an excellent matching over a wide frequency band. The proposed antenna shows excellent performance in terms of S11, gain, and radiation pattern that are controlled well with two photo resistance. The proposed antenna shows different operating frequencies and radiation patterns after changing the of photo resistance status. The main antenna novelty is achieved by splitting the main lobe that tracks more than one user at same resonant frequency. Nevertheless, the main radiation lobe can be steered to the desired location by controlling the surface current motion using two varactor diodes on a matching circuit.Öğe A printed reconfigurable monopole antenna based on a novel metamaterial structures for 5G applications(2023) Al-Hadeethi, Saba T.; Elwi, Taha A.; Ibrahim, Abdullahi AbduA novel antenna structure is constructed from cascading multi-stage metamaterial (MTM) unit cells-based printed monopole antenna for 5G mobile communication networks. The proposed antenna is constructed from a printed conductive trace that fetches four MTM unit cells through four T-Resonators (TR) structures. Such a combination is introduced to enhance the antenna gain-bandwidth products at sub-6GHz bands after exiting the antenna with a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed. The antenna circuitry is fabricated by etching a copper layer that is mounted on Taconic RF-43 substrate. Therefore, the proposed antenna occupies an effective area of 51 × 24 mm2. The proposed antenna provides an acceptable matching impedance with S11 ≤ -10 dB at 3.7 GHz, 4.6 GHz, 5.2 GHz, and 5.9 GHz. The antenna radiation patterns are evaluated at the frequency bands of interest with a gain average of 9.1-11.6 dBi. Later, to control the antenna performance, four optical switches based on LDR resistors are applied to control the antenna gain at 5.85 GHz, which is found to vary from 2 dBi to 11.6 dBi after varying the value of the LDR resistance from 700 Ω to 0 Ω, in descending manner. It is found that the proposed antenna provides an acceptable bit error rate (BER) with varying the antenna gain in a very acceptable manner in comparison to the ideal performance. Finally, the proposed antenna is fabricated to be tested experimentally in in free space and in close to the human body for portable applications.Öğe Controlling Gain Enhancement Using a Reconfigurable Metasurface Layer(IEEE, 2021) Almizan, Hayder; Hassain, Zaid A. Abdul; Elwi, Taha A.; Al-Sabti, Saif M.This paper presents a method to control gain enhancement of a microstrip antenna based on a reconfigurable metasurface layer. The proposed layer is maintained the antenna and consists of 5x5-unit cells. The proposed unit cell is designed to has four PIN diodes for structure reconfiguration into states ON and OFF. Therefore, the layer may have many distribution patters of ON-OFF unit cells. Each certain distribution pattern can enhance antenna gain to a certain value. Four patterns of the layer are suggested to enhance the antenna gain of about 1 dBi to 2, 5, 8, and 11 dBi. An equivalent circuit is introduced to describe the performance of the proposed unit cell. Besides, full CST MWS simulations for the system are conducted. To experimentally verify the presented method, a prototype of the system is fabricated and partially tested. The measurements show a good agreement with simulations.Öğe Metamaterial vivaldi printed circuit antenna based solar panel for self-powered wireless systems(2021) Abdulmjeed, Ahmed; Elwi, Taha A.; Kurnaz, SeferA high-gain wide-band planar antenna with H-Shaped Resonators (HSRs) for Self-Powered wireless systems is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna consists of four major parts, namely, a grating Vivaldi electrical dipole, a half-ring magnetic dipole, HSRs, and a solar panel reflector. The dipoles are etched from both antenna substrate sides by each half on one side. The HSR structures are etched on a single side of the used substrate to avoid the capacitive coupling effects which cause the radiation efficiency reduction. HSR inclusions are designed and tested numerically to have the desired electromagnetic properties at frequency band of interest. After introducing the HSR inclusions to the antenna structure, the antenna performance is tested numerically and compared to that without HSR inclusions. The fabricated prototype based HSR structure shows an enhanced gain bandwidth product to cover the frequencies from 1.75 GHz up to 7.43 GHz with a gain varying from 9.52 dBi up to 16.71 dBi over the entire frequency range. Finally, an excellent agreement has been achieved between the gathered numerical results and those from the experimental measurements.Öğe Optically remote control of miniaturized 3D reconfigurable CRLH printed self-powered MIMO antenna array for 5G applications(2022) Al-Khaylani, Hayder H.; Elwi, Taha A.; Ibrahim, Abdullahi AbduA novel design of a reconfigurable MIMO antenna array of a 3D geometry-based solar cell integration that is operating at sub-6 GHz for self-power applications in a 5G modern wireless communication network. The proposed antenna array provides three main frequency bands around 3.6 GHz, 3.9 GHz, and 4.9 GHz, with excellent matching impedance of S11 ≤ -10 dB. The proposed MIMO array is constructed from four antenna elements arranged on a cubical structure to provide a low mutual coupling, below -20 dB, over all frequency bands of interest. Each antenna element is excited with a coplanar waveguide (CPW). The proposed radiation patterns are controlled with two optical switches of Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs). The proposed antenna array is fabricated and tested experimentally in terms of S-parameters, gain and radiation patterns. The maximum gain is found to be 3.6 dBi, 6.9 dBi, and 3.5 dBi at 3.6 GHz, 3.9 GHz, and 4.9 GHz, respectively. It is realized that the proposed array realizes a significant beam forming by splitting the antenna beam and changing the main lobe direction at 3.9 GHz after changing LDR switching statuses. Such an antenna array is found to be very applicable for femtocell wireless communication networks in the 5G systems.Öğe Optically remote-controlled miniaturized 3D reconfigurable CRLH-printed MIMO antenna array for 5G applications(2022) Al-khaylani, Hayder H.; Elwi, Taha A.; Ibrahim, Abdullahi AbduA reconfigurable MIMO antenna array of a three-dimensional geometry that is operating at sub-6 GHz for 5G applications. The proposed antenna array provides a wideband with excellent matching impedance, S11 ≤ −10 dB, from 3.1 to 5.75 GHz. The proposed MIMO array is constructed from four antenna elements arranged on a cubical structure to provide a low mutual coupling, below −20 dB, over all frequency bands of interest. Each antenna element is excited with a coplanar waveguide. The proposed radiation patterns are controlled with two optical switches of light-dependent resistors (LDRs). The antenna array is tested in terms of S-parameters and radiation patterns. The maximum gain is found to be 3.6, 6.9, and 3.5 dBi at 3.6, 3.9, and 4.9 GHz, respectively. It is realized that the proposed array realizes a significant beam forming by splitting the antenna beam and changing the main lobe direction at 3.9 GHz after changing LDR switching statuses.