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    Similar bacterial signatures in the gut microbiota of type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients and its association with G protein-coupled receptor 41 and 43 gene expression
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Demirci, Mehmet; Taner, Zeynep; Keskin, Fatma E.; Ozyazar, Mucahit; Kiraz, Nuri; Kocazeybek, Bekir S.; Tokman, Hrisi Bahar
    Purpose: There are conficting reports regarding the abundance of short-chain fatty acids producing bacteria in the gut microbiota in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to determine the amount of Akkermansia muciniphila, Anaerobutyricum hallii, Bifdobacterium adolescentis, Bifdobacterium longum, Collinsella aerofaciens, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and Parabacteroides distasonis in the gut microbiota in patients with type1 and type2 diabetes, compared with the healthy controls and analyze the correlation between the gene expression levels of two short-chain fatty acids receptors GPR41 and GPR43. Methods: Forty type 1, 40 type 2 stool and blood samples of diabetes patients, and 40 healthy control samples were studied. DNA and RNA were extracted, and bacteria were detected using a Microbial DNA qPCR Assay kit. Gene expressions were detected with GPR41 and GPR43 primers via in-house qPCR. Results: Compared with healthy controls, B.longum and F.prausnitzii abundance were signifcantly decreased in patients with type1 and type2 diabetes, A.hallii abundance was increased in patients with type1 and decreased in type2 diabetes contrarily A.muciniphila abundance was decreased in patients with type1 and increased in type2 diabetes. GPR43 gene expression was upregulated in both patients group, however GPR41 was upregulated only in patients with type2 diabetes. Conclusions: Elevated B. longum and F. prausnitzii abundances were detected in the gut microbiota of patients with type1 and type2 diabetes and compared with healthy controls. B. longum and F.prausnitzii abundances were also correlated with the GPR43 gene expression level in type1 diabetes patients. Extensive studies determining bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids in gut microbiota, and their contribution in the pathogenesis of diabetes, are needed to understand better the mechanism of these diseases.
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    The relationship between bifidobacteria and allergic asthma and/or allergic dermatitis: A prospective study of 0-3 years-old children in Turkey
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2014) Akay, Hatice Kubra; Tokman, Hrisi Bahar; Hatipoğlu, Nevin; Hatipoğlu, Huseyin; Siraneci, Rengin; Demirci, Mehmet; Kocazeybek, Bekir S.; Borsa, Barış Ata
    Bifidobacteria are beneficial bacteria for humans. These bacteria are particularly effective at protecting against infectious diseases and modulating the immune response. It was shown that in newborns, the fecal distribution of the colonizing Bifidobacterium species influences the prevalence of allergic diseases. This study aimed to compare the faecal Bifidobacterium species of allergic children to those of healthy children to detect species level differences in faecal distribution. Stool samples were obtained from 99 children between 0 and 3 years of age whose clinical symptoms and laboratory reports were compatible with atopic dermatitis and allergic asthma. Samples were also obtained from 102 healthy children who were similar to the case group with respect to age and sex. Bifidobacteria were isolated by culture and identified at the genus level by API 20 A. In addition, 7 unique species-specific primers were used for the molecular characterization of bifidobacteria. The McNemar test was used for statistical analyses, and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant. Bifidobacterium longum was detected in 11(11.1%) of the allergic children and in 31 (30.3%) of the healthy children. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in the prevalence of B. longum between these two groups (X-2: 11.2, p < 0.001). However, no significant differences in the prevalence of other Bifidobacterium species were found between faecal samples from healthy and allergic children. (p > 0.05). The significant difference in the isolation of B. longum from our study groups suggests that this species favors the host by preventing the development of asthma and allergic dermatitis. Based on these results, we propose that the production of probiotics in accordance with country-specific Bifidobacterium species densities would improve public health. Thus, country-specific prospective case control studies that collect broad data sets are needed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.