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    Effect of nutritional supports on malnutrition, cognition, function and biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Kocatürk, Rümeysa Rabia; Temizyürek, Arzu; Özcan, Öznur Özge; Ergüzel, Türker Tekin; Karahan, Mesut; Konuk, Muhsin; Tarhan, Nevzat
    AIM To summarize the nutritional supplementation on biochemical parameters, cognition, function, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) biomarkers and nutritional status. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Korean Journal Database, Russian Science Citation Index, SciELO Citation Index, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases were searched until 16 April 2021. 22.193 records in total were reached according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included Studies were evaluated through the Modified Jadad Scale and gathered under four subheadings. RESULTS Forty-eight studies with a total of 7009 AD patients were included. Souvenaid, ONS (368 ± 69 kcal), Vegenat-med, 500 mg Resveratrol, ONS (200 mL) were effective nutritional supplements on promoting weight gain and protecting malnutrition status but showed conflicting results in Body mass index, Mid-Upper-Arm Circumference and Triceps Skin Fold Thickness. ONS and a lyophilized whole supplementation Vegenat-med intake made an increase in MNA scores. While all nutritional supplements showed controversial results in biochemical parameters but caused a decrease in Hcy levels which caused reductions in brain Aβ plaque (increase serum Aβ), p-Tau and cognitive improvement. Folic acid and vitamin D decreased serum APP, BACE1, BACE1mRNA. Resveratrol, Hericium erinaceus mycelia, vitamin D and Betaine supplements improved cognitive, functional prognosis and quality of life unlike other nutritional supplements had no effect on cognitive scales. CONCLUSIONS Better designed trials with holistic measures are needed to investigate the effect of nutritional support on the AD biomarkers, cognitive status, biochemical parameters and functional states. Also, more beneficial results can be obtained by examining the simultaneous effects of nutritional supplements with larger sample groups.
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    Optimization of Morris Water Maze protocols : effects of water temperature and hypothermia on spatial learning and memory in aged female rats
    (Turkish Geriatrics Society, 2024) Oran, Duygu Sultan; Temel, Zeynep; Başer, İbrahim Gökşin; Temizyürek, Arzu; Selcan, Ayşin
    Introduction: Aging is a highly complex process driven by a multitude of factors. The use of humans in aging research is complicated by many factors (ethical issues; environmental and social factors; long natural life span). Therefore, rats are common models for the study of aging and age-related diseases. The Morris water maze test is one of the most common cognitive tests in studies investigating age-related learning and memory. However, standardized protocols are lacking, which could influence results. This study investigated the effects of water temperature and inter-trial interval on physiological parameters, hippocampus-dependent learning, and memory in aged female rats performing the Morris Water Maze. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two female Wistar Hannover rats, aged over 18 months, were divided into four groups based on water temperature (20 °C or 24 °C) and inter-trial interval (30 seconds or 13 minutes). Results: Rats exposed to 24 °C demonstrated better spatial learning and memory retention than those at 20 °C. The interaction between inter-trial interval and water temperature significantly affected memory, with higher temperatures improving memory, especially with shorter intervals. Inter-trial interval alone did not significantly affect learning, but longer durations were associated with more stable body temperatures. Neither water temperature nor inter-trial interval significantly influenced body weight. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the need to standardize environmental conditions in Morris water maze protocols to enhance research validity and reliability. Optimizing these protocols is crucial to upholding ethical standards and ensuring animal welfare, advancing more effective and scientifically sound practices in gerontological research, and fostering a better understanding of aging processes.
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    Quetiapine improves sensorimotor gating deficit in a sleep deprivation-induced rat model
    (Springer, 2023) Özcan, Öznur Özge; Çevreli, Burcu; Temizyürek, Arzu; Karahan, Mesut; Konuk, Muhsin
    Background: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs pre-stimulus inhibition, but the effect of quetiapine (QET) remains largely unknown. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the behavioral and cognitive effects of QET in both naïve and sleep-deprived rats. Materials and methods: Seven groups (n = 49) of male Wistar Albino rats were used in this study. SD was performed using the modified multiple platform technique in a water tank for 72 h. Our study consists of two experiments investigating the effect of QET on pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex. The first experiment tested the effect of short- and long-term administration of QET on PPI response in non-sleeping (NSD) rats. The second experiment used 72 h REM sleep deprivation as a model for SD-induced impairment of the PPI response. Here, we tested the effect of QET on the % PPI of SD rats by short- and long-term intraperitoneal injection at the last 90 min of sleep SD and immediately subsequently tested for PPI. Results: 72 h SD impaired PPI, reduced startle amplitude, and attenuated the PPI% at + 4 dB, + 8 dB, and + 16 dB prepulse intensities. 10 mg/kg short and long-term QET administration completely improved sensorimotor gating deficit, increased startle amplitude, and restored the impaired PPI% at + 4 dB, + 8 dB, and + 16 dB after 72 h SD in rats. Conclusion: Our results showed short- and long-term administration of QET improved sensorimotor gating deficit in 72 h SD. Further research is required for the etiology of insomnia and the dose-related behavioral effects of QET.
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    Therapeutic and prophylactic effects of fulvic acid on a breast cancer model established by MCF-7 cell line in SCID mice
    (2024) Gülçiçek, Osman Bilgin; Oran, Duygu Sultan; Temizyürek, Arzu; Yavuz, Erkan; Yiğitbaş, Hakan; Erçetin, Candaş; Solmaz, Ali; Yıldırım, Funda; Sönmez, Kıvılcım; Çelik, Atilla
    Introduction. There is still minimal scientific understanding of effects of fulvic acid (FA) on breast cancer. We investigated the prophylactic, therapeutic, and combined effects of FA in a breast cancer model created using MCF-7 cell line in severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) mice. Results. Four experimental groups were established as the control group (Group C), prophylaxis group (Group P), therapeutic group (Group T), and prophylaxis + therapeutic group (Group P + T). Tumor growth was observed by the in vivo imaging system and macroscopically in mammary glands of all mice (100%) of Group C, microscopically in only one mouse of Group P (12.5%), in four mice in Group T (50%), but only one animal (12.5%) in Group P + T. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed that p53 staining was significantly higher in tissues of Group C compared to other groups (P < 0.05). No difference was found in IHC scores for p53 between Group P and P + T (P > 0.05). Bcl-2 staining was significantly higher in Group C compared to Group P + T (P = 0.015) and higher in Group P + T compared to Group T (P = 0.021) but no significant difference was found between Group P and others (P > 0.05). Bax staining was significantly higher in Group C compared to others (P < 0.05) but no significant difference was found between FA groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion. Prophylactic FA treatment can prevent tumor formation by inducing variations in the expression of p53, BcL-2, and Bax proteins in mammary glands of SCID mice before tumor formation. This suggests that FA may be a powerful inhibitory candidate for the prevention of tumorigenesis in breast cancer.