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Öğe A comparison of surface roughness values of various restorative materials immersed in pedodontic pre-and probiotics(AMG Transcend Association, 2021) Ozan, Günce; Eren, Meltem Mert; Gürcan, Aliye Tuğce; Bilmez, Zuhal Yıldırım; Yücel, Yasemin YücelThe present in vitro study aims to evaluate pre-and probiotic liquids' effect on surface roughness values of restorative materials after one month of immersion. 360 disc-shaped samples (5mm x 2mm) were prepared from two types of glass-ionomer cements (GIC), a resin-modified GIC, a compomer, three bulk-fill composites, and one microhybrid composite. After the surfaces were polished, samples were divided into three groups (n = 15) and immersed for 10 minutes daily for one month in either a probiotic sachet, kefir (prebiotic), or artificial saliva. After that, the surface roughness values were measured by a profilometer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluations of one sample from tested materials were also added. Statistical data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni–Dunn tests. One of the GIC materials had significantly rougher surfaces in the probiotic sachet, followed by the compomer (p < 0.05). The compomer showed the roughest surfaces after immersion in kefir, followed by the microhybrid composite (Z250). Probiotic sachets formed rougher surfaces than kefir among samples. SEM images revealed the inorganic filler structures and microcracks on the surfaces. A high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement, Equia Fil Forte, and other composite-based materials tested in the present study can be used in pediatric patients who use pre-and probiotic supplements. © 2021 by the authors.Öğe Composition, insecticidal activity and other biological activities of Tanacetum abrotanifolium Druce essential oil(Elsevier, 2015) Polatoğlu, Kaan; Karakoç, Ömer Cem; Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Demirci, Betül; Gören, Nezhun; Baser, Kemal Hüsnü CanEssential oils from flower and stem of Tanacetum abrotanifolium Druce. (Asteraceae), from Turkey were investigated for their insecticidal and biological activity. Oils produced considerable activities in insecticidal activity and AChE inhibition assays. Highest contact toxicity against Sitophilus granarius was observed in flower oil (8130%). The stem oil also produced considerable contact toxicity against S. granarius (47.77%). AChE enzyme inhibition of the flower oil (20 mu L) T. abrotanifolium is found to be 85.3% which is not greater than the inhibition observed for galanthamine at 8.3 mu M concentration (86.0%). The oils also produced low phytotoxic activity against Lemna minor and in DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging and PRAP (phosphomolybdenum reducing antioxidant power) assays. The highest growth inhibition against L. minor was observed for flower oil at 10 mg/mL oil/petri dish (38.14%). The highest DPPH scavenging activity (42.30%) and phosphomolybdenum reducing activity (234.70 AU - TLC densitometry) was observed also for the stem oil at 10 mg/mL concentration. Both DPPH scavenging and PRAP activities were very low for this oil when compared with positive controls at the same concentration. Flower and stem oils were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The flower and stem oils of T. abrotanifolium were characterized with camphor 35.2%, (E)-sesquilavandulol 19.0%, 1,8-cineole 13.5% and hexadecanoic acid 41,8%, (E)-sesquilavandulol 16.2%, tetradecanoic acid 6.6%, respectively. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Cytotoxic, antimicrobial activities, AChE and BChE inhibitory effects of compounds from tanacetum chiliophyllum (Fisch & Mey.) schultz bip. var. oligocephalum (DC) sosn. and T. chiliophyllum (Fisch & Mey.) schultz bip. var. monocephalum grierson(Elsevier Science Bv, 2017) Polatoğlu, Kaan; Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Nalbantsoy, Ayşe; Yalçın, Hüsniye Tansel; Gören, NezhünTanacetum L. species traditionally used for insecticidal purposes as well as in folk medicine for their antitumor, antimicrobial, antifungal activities. In our previous study a novel sesquiterpene lactone and triterpene lactone together with 12 known flavonoids, coumarin and a triterpene were isolated from T. chiliophyllum var. oligocephalum and T. chiliophyllum var. monocephalum extracts which have insecticidal and antimicrobial activity. In this study, cytotoxic, antimicrobial activities and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory effects of pure compounds isolated from these plants were investigated. The tested compounds showed AChE and BChE inhibition which ranged between 7.20-80.37% and 9.19%-76.99% respectively. The highest AChE and BChE inhibition was observed for ulubelenolide which afforded 80.37% and 76.99% inhibition respectively. The cytotoxic effect of the compounds ranged between 22.34-49.77 mu g/mL IC50 values. Highest cytotoxic activity was observed against MCF-7 and HEK 293 cell line by 5-hydroxy-3', 4', 7-trimethoxy flavone and 5-hydroxy-3', 4', 6,7-tetramethoxyflavone that produced 25.80 +/- 0.17 and 22.34 +/- 0.70 IC50 values respectively. Compounds eupatilin, cirsilineol, 5-hydroxy-3', 4', 7-trimethoxy flavone and ulubelenolide showed significant antimicrobial effect on C. albicans with 7.8 mu g/mL MIC. The new compound ulubelenolide afforded high AChE and BChE inhibition as well as high antifungal activity. In our opinion activity of this substance should be evaluated further against other fungal species.Öğe Cytotoxic, antioxidant, iNOS, AChE. BChE inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of ethanol extract of Cyprus endemic plant Salvia veneris(Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2015) Polatoğlu, Kağan; Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Yalçın, Hüsniye Tansel; Nalbantsoy, AyşeSalvia veneris HEDGE. (Lamiaceae) is an endemic species of Cyprus. This species finds use as an herbal tea in the region by the misidentification instead of S. officinalis. There is no information on the biological activity of S. veneris in the literature. Here we report the biological activities of ethanol extract of this species. The cytotoxicity of the extract was evaluated against PC3, HeLa, CaCo-2, MCF-7, U87MG, HEK293, mPanc-96 cell lines. Highest activity was observed against PC3, mPanc-96 and HeLa cell lines 6.158, 8.704 and 9.907 μg/mL (IC50) respectively. The extract produced 11.00 μg/mL iNOS inhibitory activity which is higher concentration than the positive control parthenolide 0.6 μg/mL (IC50). The highest AChE and BChE enzyme inhibitory activity was observed at 10 mg/mL concentration which produced 26.54 ± 0.58 % and 35.87 ± 0.53 respectively (n = 3). Additionally the extract produced highest antimicrobial activity against C. albicans, S. epidermis, and E. faecium microorganisms with 15.6, 31.25, 31.25 μg/mL MIC values respectively. Highest DPPH scavenging activity was observed at 10 mg/mL concentration 90.83±0.0 % (n = 3) which is lower than positive control (α-tocopherol at 10 mg/mL; 92.38 ± 0.01 % (n =3)). The PRAP activity was 0.92 ± 0.04 AU at 10 mg/mL which corresponds to the activity observed for 2.1 mg/mL α-tocopherol (y = 0.2251x + 0.4354; R² = 0.9932; n = 3). The FRAP activity of the 10 mg/mL extract corresponds to activity observed for 5.70 ± 0.10 mg/mL α-tocopherol concentration (n = 3; y = 0.1268x + 0.0548; R² = 0.9922). The extract showed high potential for most of the activity tests studied. According to the presented activity results identification of the active compounds is currently under investigation.Öğe Determination of antioxidant activity of Salvia sclarea L. and its inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase A(Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ankara (FABAD), 2023) Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Nath, Ebru ÖzdemirOver the past two to three decades, there has been a significant increase in research focused on the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, our aim was to determine some biological activities of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Salvia sclarea L. The extracts were first assessed for their capacity to scavenge DPPH radicals, then their total phenolic content (TPC) were determined. Afterward, the extracts were evaluated for their effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). These two enzymes play a crucial role in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. It has been found that, the DPPH activity of the methanolic extract was higher than that of ethanolic extracts; while TPC was higher for the ethanolic extract. For AChE, the IC50 values for ethanolic extract and methanolic extract were 0,27±0,005 mg/mL and 1,19±0,037 mg/mL, respectively. And for MAO-A, the IC50 values for ethanolic extract and methanolic extract were 6,53±0,72 mg/ mL and 3,03±0,05 mg/mL, respectively. As the result of this study, the antioxidant property of Salvia sclarea was determined, and it was observed that this property changed in accordance with the total phenolic content of the plant. It has been shown that the extracts have inhibitory effects on both enzymes. This means, the obtained data are promising for further drug development studies.Öğe DETERMINATION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF MICROMERIA MYRTIFOLIA BOISS. & HOHEN(University of Ankara, 2024) Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Özdemi̇R Nath, EbruObjective: Lamiaceae family has a wide variety of well-known and lesser-known plants with strong medicinal qualities. The genus Micromeria Benth. is a member of this family consisting of herbaceous plants with a variety of significant biological, phytochemical, and ethnobotanical uses. In this study, the biological activities of methanol and ethanol extracts of Micromeria myrtifolia were evaluated. Material and Method: To demonstrate the antioxidant activity DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content assays were done. The effects of the extracts on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase-A were then assessed. Result and Discussion: Methanol extract showed the highest DPPH scavenging activity, at the dose of 10 mg/ml with a value of 96.55%. For the highest concentration that can be applicable, AChE inhibitions for the methanol and ethanol extracts were 25% and 27%, respectively. On the other hand, the inhibitory effects of the ethanol and methanol extracts of the plant on MAO-A were determined; for the ethanol extract IC50 value was found as 32.5876 ± 0.89 μg/ml, and for the methanol extract it was found as 34.6544 ± 0.76 μg/ml. It can be told that M. myrtifolia can act as a potential antioxidant. With further research and investigation, it is thought that Micromeria myrtifolia could be used as a natural source for the treatment of various neurological diseases. © 2024 University of Ankara. All rights reserved.Öğe Essential oil composition of Isatis floribunda Boiss. ex. Bornm. and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of its extract(Istanbul Medipol University, 2024) Güzel, Elif; Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Alkan, Mustafa; Polatoğlu, KaanThis study aims to investigate the essential oil composition of aerial parts of Isatis floribunda, and the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of its extracts. Essential oil of the aerial parts of the plant material was obtained and the GC-MS analysis was performed. Then, extracts of the plant material were obtained, and in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory assay was performed. GC-MS analysis demonstrated that the composition of Isatis floribunda is rich in fatty acid compounds, with the major compounds including dodecanoic acid, nanocosane, hexadecenoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, methyl octadecenoate, decanoic acid, and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone. Methanolic extract of the plant species has demonstrated strong acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity with the IC50 value of 0.16 mg/mL. Essential oil composition of Isatis floribunda has been determined to be rich in fatty acid components, these compounds could demonstrate potent acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Therefore, a novel medication from Isatis floribunda extracts could be discovered against Alzheimer’s disease.Öğe Fumigant and contact toxicity of Ruta chalepensis l. (Rutaceae) essential oil against five coleopteran stored product pests and its effects on cholinesterases(Plant Protection Central Research Institute, 2023) Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Karakoç, Ömer Cem; Servi, Hüseyin; Gücel, Salih; Nalbantsoy, Ayşe; Polatoğlu, KaanThe essential oil composition of aerial parts of Ruta chalepensis L. was analyzed with GC-MS. Seventy-nine compounds were detected representing 85.93 ± 1.08% (n = 3) of the essential oil. The major components of the essential oil were 2-undecanone 21.52 ± 0.21%, 2-nonanone 18.31 ± 0.27%, and 2-nonyl acetate 13.22%. The highest insecticidal contact toxicity of the oil was observed against Rhyzopertha dominica F. with 0.018 μl/insect LD50 and 0.039 μl/insect LD90 after 24h. Essential oil also produced considerably low 0.50 and 0.59 μl/ insect LD50 values after 24h against Sitophilus oryzae L. and Sitophilus granarius L. respectively. The lowest contact toxicity was observed against Tribolium castaneum Herbst. and Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. 0.138 and 0.078 μl/insect LD50 after 24h respectively. The highest fumigant toxicity was observed against S. granarius for the application concentration of 10 μl, 10% oil/acetone (v:v) in a 10 ml chamber which afforded 100.00 ± 0.00% mortality after 48h. The essential oil also produced high fumigant toxicity against S. oryzae, T. castaneum and R. dominica which were 95.47 ± 3.41%, 93.30 ± 5.54%, and 85.47 ± 3.41% mortality at 20 μl application concentration of the oil solution after 48h. The R. chalepensis essential oil produced low acetylcholinesterase enzyme 5.29 ± 1.20% (n=3) inhibition and mediocre butyrylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition 42.6 ± 0.71% (n=3). According to the insecticidal activity assays performed, the essential oil R. chalepensis seems to be a promising source that could yield natural compounds that could be employed in stored product pest management.Öğe Insecticidal activity of edible crithmum maritimum L. essential oil against coleopteran and lepidopteran insects(Elsevier, 2016) Polatoğlu, Kaan; Karakoç, Ömer Cem; Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Gücel, Salih; Demirci, Betül; Baser, Kemal Hüsnü Can; Demirci, FatihCrithmum maritimum L. (Apiaceae) is an edible plant that is used in salads or consumed as pickles in Cyprus. In our insecticidal screening study of the plant species of Cyprus, we have studied the insecticidal activity (contact and fumigant toxicity) of the essential oil of Crithmum maritimum against stored product pests Sitophilus granarius L., S. oryzae L., Tribolium castaneum Herbst., T. confusum Jacquelin du Val., Rhyzopertha dominica Fabricius., Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Coleoptera) and the field pest Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera). Dried leaves of C. maritimum afforded an essential oil with 0.22% (v/w) yield. The essential oil was analyzed with GC, GC-MS and the major components of the oil were identified as gamma-terpinene (39.3%), beta-phellandrene (22.6%), carvacrol methylether (10.5%) and (Z)-beta-ocimene (8.2%). Highest contact toxicity of the oil was observed against S. oryzae, R. dominica and O. surinamensis (1 mu L/insect application of 10% (v/v) oil solution in acetone, after 72 h, 93.30%, 83.26% and 70.33%, respectively). Highest fumigant toxicity was observed for S. granarius, S. oryzae and O. surinamensis (10 mu L/10 mL container application of 10% (v/v) oil solution in acetone, after 48 h, 100.00%, 100.00% and 90.75%, respectively). Essential oil was tested on S. exigua larvae at different development stages (3rd, 4th and 5th instar larvae). 100 mu L/mL essential oil was used with 1, 2 and 4 mu L/larvae concentrations for 3rd, 4th and 5th instar S. exigua larvae, respectively. The toxicity of the oil against the larvae was evaluated after 24 h. C. maritimum essential oil afforded 89% mortality against the 3rd instar larvae however the mortality was decreased to 50% in the 4th and none in the 5th instar S. exigua larvae. The oil also afforded considerable AChE and BChE enzyme inhibition (50.3% and 59.8%, respectively) using the Ellman spectrophotometric method. The essential oil did not produced considerable activity (10(4) fold lower than the positive controls) against the selected pathogens that could be found on wheat (Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli) using a microdilution method for antimicrobial evaluation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Insecticidal activity of Salvia veneris Hedge. Essential oil against coleopteran stored product insects and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera)(Elsevier Science Bv, 2017) Polatoğlu, Kaan; Karakoç, Ömer Cem; Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Gücel, Salih; Demirci, Betül; Demirci, Fatih; Baser, Kemal Hüsnü CanSalvia species are very well known for their uses as herbal tea as well as insecticidal activity of their essential oils against stored product insects. Due to their use as herbal tea, Salvia species could be considered as perfect candidates to develop safe natural insect management agents. In the scope of the present study, the essential oil of aerial parts of Salvia veneris Hedge was investigated for insecticidal activity against 3rd instar larvae of Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera), Sitophilus granarius L., S. oryzae L., Tribolium castaneum Herbst, T. confusum Jacquelin du Val, Rhyzopertha dominica Fabricius and Oryzaephilus surinamensis L (Coleoptera). The essential oil produced 63.0% contact toxicity against the S. exigua (beet armyworm) 3rd instar larvae at 100 mu L/mL and concentration. Highest contact toxicity of the oil was observed at 1 L application volume (10% (v/v: oil/acetone)) and 72 h duration against O. surinamensis 81.6%, S. oryzae 71.5% and S. granarius 70.0%, respectively. S. veneris oil produced the highest fumigant toxicity at 1 mu L/mL application volume (10% (v/v: oil/acetone)) and 48 h duration against S. oryzae 100.0%, S. granarius 97.6% and O. surinamensis 90.8%, respectively. The essential oil tested on Tribolium species and R. dominica did not produced any fumigant toxicity. The acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinestearase inhibitory activities of the essential oil were 85.9% and 12.2%, respectively. The antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) of the oil was tested against the pathogens that could be found on stored products namely Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis. The oil produced very weak activity on all of the tested microorganisms when compared with the positive controls. The essential oil composition was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the aerial parts of the S. veneris was characterized by 1,8-cineole 30.4%, camphor 18.4%, camphene 12.9%, alpha-pinene 8.2%, borneol 5.8% and beta-pinene 5.0%. As a conclusion the essential oil of S. veneris produced considerable insecticidal activity against Sitophilus species as well as acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity which points out further attention should be given to Salvia species for the development of safe natural pest management agents. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Insecticidal and AChE inhibitory activities of Matricaria chamomilla var. recutita essential oils collected from different regions against storage insect pests(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Alkan, Mustafa; Servi, Hüseyin; Karakoç, Ömer Cem; Ertürk, Sait; Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Polatoğlu, KaanThe essential oils of the flowers of Matricaria chamomilla var. recutita from İstanbul and Bursa were analyzed by GC-MS. The essential oil yields were 0.32 and 0.18 v/w, respectively. The main components of the essential oil of the İstanbul sample were bisabolene oxide (41.81%), (E)-β-Farnesene (7.52%), and bisabolol oxide B (3.18%). The main components of the oil from the Bursa sample were bisabolol oxide A (47.76%), (E)-β-Farnesene (12.75 %), bisabolol oxide B (3.47%), and bisabolene oxide (2.46%). The fumigant and contact insecticidal effects of these oils were determined against Sitophilus granarius, S. oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Tribolium confusum, and T. castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Additionally, the ovicidal effect of the oils was tested against T. confusum and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). The highest fumigant toxicity was observed against S. granarius, S. oryzae, and T. confusum (74.9–96.6% mortality) at the 20% application dose. The fumigant effect of the oils against T. castaneum was lower than the effect observed for other insect species. The highest contact toxicity was observed against S. granarius and S. oryzae (100% mortality) at a 100 μL/mL application dose. In terms of ovicidal efficacy, the oils obtained from Istanbul and Bursa were 19.7–37.7% effective on T. confusum eggs, while this ratio was 53.4–48.3% on O. surinamensis, respectively. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition of the oils was also investigated, and both oils produced mediocre activity.Öğe Investigation of the degree of monomer conversion in dental composites through various methods: an in vitro study(2024) Üçüncü, Musa Kazım; Çeliksöz, Özge; Şen, Emine; Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Dinç, BircanThe degree of monomer conversion (DC) values of three different dental composites were examined using three different methods: surface microhardness (ratio of bottom/top), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Two of the dental composites included in the study were nanohybrid (Dentsply Neo Spectra ST HV and Omnichroma), and one was a microhybrid-labeled newly marketed composite containing nanoparticles (Dentac Myra). Composite discs were prepared according to the methodology for all methods and analyzed (2 mm thickness x 5 mm diameter). Surface microhardness values were measured in Vickers Hardness Number (VHN), while FT-IR and DSC values were obtained in percentage (%). Significant differences were observed in both bottom/top surface microhardness values and DC values obtained from FT-IR. However, there was no statistical difference in the ratio of bottom/top microhardness values. Neo Spectra ST HV exhibited superior performance in both microhardness and monomer conversion compared to the other two composites. Newly marketed Myra showed values close to Omnichroma. It was found that the values obtained by the DSC method were parallel to those obtained by FT-IR. In conclusion, the structure of dental composites leads to different mechanical properties. Additionally, DSC measurements and FTIR spectra were found to be complementary techniques for characterizing monomer conversion values.Öğe Investigation of the protective effect of gel incorporating Eugenia jambolana leaf extract on 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis: An animal study(2022) Aksoy, Nilay; Sen, Emine; Sukmasari, Susi; Özakpınar, Özlem Bingöl; Arıcıoğlu, Feyze; Yücel, Yasemin Yücel; Dumlu, Muhammet Rıdvan; Doolaanea, Abd Almonem; AbdulRahman, Mohammad Nasrin; Olgac, Vakur; Bozkan, Pırıl; Ozen, BugraPurpose The study aimed to evaluate the possible preventive efect of two concentrations (3 and 5% w/w) of Eugenia jambolana (EJ) extract against 5-FU-induced mucositis. Method Sixteen adult rats were separated into four groups: two control and two preventive groups. Animals in Groups 1, 2, and 3 were injected intraperitoneally with 60 mg/kg/day of 5-FU on Day 1 followed by 150 mg/kg/day on Day 5. The rats in Group 4 (negative control) were given physiological saline at the same times and doses. Furthermore, on the ffth day of the study, the cheek and sublingual mucosa were irritated by external superfcial scratches using the tip of an 18-G needle, followed by the application 15 µL of 20% acetic acid, after which 3 and 5% EJ w/w gels were applied topically for animals in Groups 2 and 3, respectively. Results The weight and the mucositis scores were recorded. Antioxidant and anti-infammatory markers and biochemical tests were analyzed. Signifcant diferences were found between the study groups in weight loss, clinical mucositis scores, mortality rates, and antioxidant and anti-infammatory parameters. Conclusion The preventive efect of 3% gel was signifcant, with no mortality rate, making it an option for preventive strategies..
