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Öğe Adaptive Decision Tree With Random Forest Integration And Dimensionality Reduction For Efficient Botnet Forensics(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Alzubaidi, Ahmed Najm Obaid; Ibrahim, Abdullahi Abdu; Abdulrazzaq, Mohammed MajidAdaptive Decision Tree with Random Forest Integration and Dimensionality Reduction for Efficient Botnet Forensics proposes a new method for botnet detection by combining an adaptive decision tree with random forest integration. As response variables are highly dimensioned in botnet detection, multistep and time-consuming detection processes are major challenges. With an integrated method, we could first model the response variables as multiclass and regression formats to simplify the construction of decision trees. Then, based on the adaptive decision tree feature selection, we filter out non-obvious features to efficiently establish the random forest regression model under the appropriately sized feature space. Furthermore, to handle multilabel classification, a random forest is employed as the global model in Tree-2-Rule procedures to detect botnet-affected communication behaviors. Finally, real data experiments have been conducted based on the top datasets. The results show that the adaptive decision tree has excellent improvements in efficiency and accuracy. In future research, the GPU ninthordinal censored multistate diagnosis data is useful observed materials that do not destroy the random effect influence of the data. Also, whether the application of the random forest model could save more time in analyzing existing commercial status is an issue to be clarified in future development. Additionally, the development of the method proposed in this research requires further investigation. We could improve and then propose the preferable solution based on the research results. Our proposed solution can be utilized as a tool for efficient real-time bot incident investigations, in accordance with both academic and business objectives.Öğe “The silent strain: Exploring self-image and mental health in braced adolescents with scoliosis”: a scoping review(Delhi Orthopedic Association, 2025) Al Hajaj, Sari Wathiq; Al Hajaj, Dawod; Singh, Prabhjit; Bharadwaj, Sanjeevi; Nair, Vishnu V.; Srinivasan, Sriram HarishBackground: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a common spinal deformity. It can create surface deformities that affect adolescents' psychosocial health. Bracing is a non-surgical method to prevent curve progression and avoid surgery. However, the psychosocial effects of long-term brace use during adolescence are often overlooked. issues like decreased self-esteem, social withdrawal, and appearance anxiety may hinder compliance and impact quality of life. Methods: A comprehensive literature review used PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect to identify studies from 2015 to 2025. It was prospectively registered with the PROSPERO database (Registration ID: CRD420251083129). The search terms included: "adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,” "bracing and self-image,” "bracing compliance,” and "psychological impact of bracing.” Two independent reviewers screened studies based on PICOS criteria: (1) adolescents with AIS, (2) bracing or conservative treatment, (3) control or observational groups, (4) outcomes like self-image, quality of life, or compliance, and (5) RCTs, observational studies, systematic reviews, or meta-analyses. Exclusions included surgical interventions, non-adolescents, or non-English publications. Results: We found 807 studies; after removing duplicates, irrelevant titles, and abstracts, 26 full texts were screened. Of these, 10 met all criteria and were included. Adolescents in brace treatment often face negative self-image, low self-esteem, and social anxiety, especially at therapy start, affecting adherence. Concerns about appearance and discomfort hinder compliance. Some adapt over time, but others continue to experience mental health issues. Interventions like cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), peer support, and special exercise programs improve coping, adherence, and psychological well-being. Conclusion: Bracing treats Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) but affects psychosocial well-being, lowering adherence and quality of life. A multidisciplinary, patient-centred approach with mental health support is essential. Early psychological distress identification and interventions like Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and peer support can enhance compliance and outcomes. Protocols should include psychosocial screening and holistic care to lessen the adverse effects of brace treatment.Öğe Machine learning-assisted classification of lung cancer: the role of sarcopenia, inflammatory biomarkers, and PET/CT anatomical-metabolic parameters(Springer, 2025) Tanyıldızı-Kökkülünk, Handan; Alçin, Göksel; Çavdar, İffet; Akyel, Reşit; Yiğit, Şafak; Çiftçi-Küsbeci, Tuba; Çalışkan, GönülAccurate differentiation between non-cancerous, benign, and malignant lung cancer remains a diagnostic challenge due to overlapping clinical and imaging characteristics. This study proposes a multimodal machine learning (ML) framework integrating positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) anatomic-metabolic parameters, sarcopenia markers, and inflammatory biomarkers to enhance classification performance in lung cancer. A retrospective dataset of 222 patients was analyzed, including demographic variables, functional and morphometric sarcopenia indices, hematological inflammation markers, and PET/CT derived parameters such as maximum and mean standardized uptake value (SUVmax, SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG). Five ML algorithms—Logistic Regression, Multi-Layer Perceptron, Support Vector Machine, Extreme Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest—were evaluated using standardized performance metrics. Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique was applied to balance class distributions. Feature importance analysis was conducted using the optimal model, and classification was repeated using the top 15 features. Among the models, Random Forest demonstrated superior predictive performance with a test accuracy of 96%, precision, recall, and F1-score of 0.96, and an average AUC of 0.99. Feature importance analysis revealed SUVmax, SUVmean, total lesion glycolysis, and skeletal muscle index as leading predictors. A secondary classification using only the top 15 features yielded even higher test accuracy (97%). These findings underscore the potential of integrating metabolic imaging, physical function, and biochemical inflammation markers in a non-invasive ML-based diagnostic pipeline. The proposed framework demonstrates high accuracy and generalizability and may serve as an effective clinical decision support tool in early lung cancer diagnosis and risk stratification.Öğe Comparative prognostic performance of the FIB-4 index versus SYNTAX and GRACE scores in predicting major cardiovascular events in acute coronary syndrome(Termedia Publishing House Ltd., 2025) Okşen, Doğaç; Geçit, Muhammed H.; Bulat, Zübeyir; Gökçe, Mehmet E.; Bilgin, Mehmet E.; Balcıoğlu, Sahra; Arslan, Şükrü; Oktay, VeyselIntroduction: The Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, a non-invasive marker of liver fibrosis originally developed for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has gained attention for its prognostic value in cardiovascular disease. Aim: Given the shared metabolic risk between NAFLD and acute coronary syndrome (ACS), this study aimed to evaluate the association between FIB-4 and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with ACS, in comparison with conventional risk scores. Material and methods: This is an observational cohort study included 941 patients hospitalized with ACS between 2017 and 2021. Patients were classified into three FIB-4 categories: low, < 1.45; intermediate, 1.45–3.25; and high, ≥ 3.25. Clinical, laboratory, angiographic, and echocardiographic data were collected. MACE incidence was evaluated over a median follow-up of 67.5 months. Cox regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed. Results: MACE occurred in 37.9% of patients in the high FIB-4 group, compared to 28.7% and 29.2% in the low and intermediate groups, respectively (p = 0.046). FIB-4 was an independent predictor of MACE (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.547; 95% CI: 1.169–2.046; p = 0.002). ROC analysis demonstrated superior prognostic accuracy for FIB-4 (area under the ROC curve: 0.693) over SYNTAX (0.609) and GRACE (0.552) scores. A Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly lower survival in the high FIB-4 group (p = 0.007). Conclusions: The FIB-4 index is a robust, accessible predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in ACS and may enhance conventional risk stratification strategies by integrating systemic metabolic burden into cardiovascular risk assessment.Öğe Assessment of UAV Usage for Flexible Pavement Inspection Using GCPs: Case Study on Palestinian Urban Road(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Aburqaq, Ismail S. A.; Naimi, Sepanta; Saedi, Sepehr; Shahin, Musab A. A.Rehabilitation plans are based on pavement condition assessments, which are crucial to modern pavement management systems. However, some of the disadvantages of conventional approaches for road maintenance and repair include the time consumption, high costs, visual errors, seasonal limitations, and low accuracy. Continuous and efficient pavement monitoring is essential, necessitating reliable equipment that can function in a variety of weather and traffic conditions. UAVs offer a practical and eco-friendly alternative for tasks including road inspections, dam monitoring, and the production of 3D ground models and orthophotos. They are more affordable, accessible, and safe than traditional field surveys, and they reduce the environmental effects of pavement management by using less fuel and producing less greenhouse gas emissions. This study uses UAV technology in conjunction with ground control points (GCPs) to assess the kind and amount of damage in flexible pavements. Vertical photogrammetric mapping was utilized to produce 3D road models, which were then processed and analyzed using Agisoft Photoscan (Metashape Professional (64 bit)) software. The sorts of fractures, patch areas, and rut depths on pavement surfaces may be accurately identified and measured thanks to this technique. When compared to field exams, the findings demonstrated an outstanding accuracy with errors of around 3.54 mm in the rut depth, 4.44 cm2 for patch and pothole areas, and a 96% accuracy rate in identifying cracked locations and crack varieties. This study demonstrates how adding GCPs may enhance the UAV image accuracy, particularly in challenging weather and traffic conditions, and promote sustainable pavement management strategies by lowering carbon emissions and resource consumption.Öğe Validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Addiction Severity Index(Kare Publishing, 2025) Bilici, Rabia; Ergelen Yalçın, Mine; Karabulut, Sercan; Arpacıoğlu, Mahmut Selim; Salavran, Sevdenur; Yılmaz, EmreObjective: The increasing prevalence of alcohol and substance use disorders (ASUD) worldwide has raised the demand for more efficient treatment and monitoring. Comprehensive assessment tools are crucial for evaluating substance use, as well as medical, legal, and psychosocial aspects to provide holistic care. The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) is a commonly used tool to assess these dimensions. The purpose of this research is to validate the ASI-Treatnet version in a sample from Turkiye. Method: The research was carried out at AMATEM clinics in Istanbul and Antalya, involving 141 patients who had been diagnosed with ASUD based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. The ASI was translated into Turkish, and its reliability and validity were assessed through a methodology that included testing for test-retest and interrater reliability using Spearman-Brown correlation coefficients. Results: The results indicated high reliability for all subscales. Internal consistency was assessed through Cronbach’s alpha, resulting in an acceptable value of 0.82. Concurrent validity was established by examining the correlations with the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test, the Drug Abuse Screening Test, and the Beck Depression Inventory, all of which demonstrated significant correlations with the ASI subscales. Conclusion: The study revealed that the Turkish adaptation of the ASI is a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating ASUD. Its strong correlations with established screening tools confirm its concurrent validity. The ASI’s multidimensional approach allows for a comprehensive assessment, facilitating individualized treatment planning and monitoring. Future research could explore expanded and online-adapted versions of the ASI to enhance its practicality.Öğe Comparison of Oxidative Stress Effects Between Drug-Eluting Stents and Drug-Coated Balloons: Insights Into Vascular Response and Clinical Implications(Wiley-Liss, 2025) Aslan, Muzaffer; Okşen, Doğaç; Yavuz, Yunus Emre; Kaynak, ÇağdaşBackground: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has evolved with the development of drug-eluting stents (DES) and drug-coated balloons (DCB), both of which play a crucial role in reducing restenosis and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Despite their benefits, the oxidative stress response triggered by these interventions and its implications for vascular healing remain unclear. Aims: This study aims to compare the oxidative stress burden associated with DES and DCB by evaluating changes in plasma total peroxidase (TP) levels over time. Methods: This observational, comparative study included 110 patients (60 DES and 50 DCB) who underwent PCI for stable coronary artery disease. TP levels were measured pre-procedure, 24 h postprocedure, and 1 month after PCI. Statistical comparisons were used to determine significant differences in oxidative stress between the two groups over time. Results: Preoperative TP levels were comparable between the DES and DCB groups (431.00 ± 4.56 vs. 436.50 ± 4.14 µmol/L, p = 0.110). At 24 h post-PCI, TP levels increased significantly in both groups (DES: 449.50 ± 6.51 µmol/L, DCB: 442.50 ± 4.14 µmol/L), with a greater rise observed in the DES group, though not statistically significant (p = 0.42). At the 1-month follow-up, TP levels decreased significantly below baseline in both groups, with a more pronounced reduction in the DCB group (398.50 ± 4.14 vs. 406.50 ± 4.51 µmol/L, p = 0.11). Conclusion: This study reveals that both DES and DCB procedures trigger an initial rise in oxidative stress markers, emphasizing their acute vascular impact. Intriguingly, although not statistically significant, the DCB group demonstrated a trend toward a more rapid decline in oxidative stress at 1 month post-PCI. These preliminary findings highlight the potential of DCBs to foster quicker vascular recovery, warranting further investigation into their long-term clinical advantages.Öğe Commentary on "The relationship between risky sexual behaviors and sexual health literacy and self-esteem in young women"(Associação Médica Brasileira, 2025) Çetin, Buğra...Öğe Feeding Challenges in Children With Down Syndrome: The Role of Aspiration and Clinical Subgroups(Clevedon, 2025) Tanrıverdi, Müberra; Zengin Yazıcı, Gülşah; Yılmaz, Güleser Güney; Uygur Şahin, TürkanBackground: Feeding difficulties, including aspiration risk, are common in children with Down syndrome. Identifying factors affecting feeding modality is crucial. Method: This cross-sectional study included 335 children with Down syndrome (aged 4–12 years; mean 5.2). Feeding was assessed using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), the Screening Tool of Feeding Problems (STEP), and clinical observation. Aspiration risk was identified through STEP items and clinician evaluation. FOIS scores categorised feeding as oral or non-oral. Results: Of participants, 74.1% were oral feeders and 25.9% received non-oral nutrition. Aspiration risk was present in 33.7%. Cluster analysis revealed distinct subgroups defined by aspiration, oral sensory issues, and behavioural problems. Younger age was significantly associated with higher aspiration risk (OR = 0.38, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Aspiration risk influences feeding modality and subgroup characteristics. Early multidisciplinary assessment is essential, especially for younger children, to detect risk and guide safe, individualised feeding strategies.Öğe Targeting Integrin α2 to Overcome Imatinib Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells(Basel, 2025) Hekmatshoar, Yalda; Özkan, Tülin; Karabay, Arzu Zeynep; Bozkurt, Süreyya; Karadağ Gürel, Aynur; Kurnaz Gömleksiz, Özlem; Fışgın, Tunç; Sunguroğlu, AsumanChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a blood disorder caused by a genetic alteration that creates the BCR-ABL fusion gene, leading to continuous activation of cell growth signals and uncontrolled proliferation of the blood cells. Imatinib (IMA) resistance remains a major obstacle in CML treatment. Integrins, particularly integrin α2 (ITGA2), have been associated with cancer progression and drug resistance. In the current study, we investigated the role of ITGA2 in IMA resistance using IMA-sensitive K562 (K562S) and IMA-resistant K562 (K562R) cells. Our findings showed that ITGA2 is overexpressed in K562R cells and ITGA2 inhibitor E7820 (2.5 µM) treatment significantly decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis in both sensitive and resistant cells. Combination treatment with E7820 and imatinib enhanced pro-apoptotic gene expression (BAX, BIM) and decreased anti-apoptotic BCL2 levels in imatinib-resistant K562R cells. Flow cytometry confirmed ITGA2 inhibition at the protein level, and rhodamine assays revealed reduced MDR1 activity in treated cells. These results demonstrate that targeting ITGA2 may overcome imatinib resistance and offer a novel therapeutic strategy for CML.Öğe Development of sessile oak [Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.] seed coating material against rodents and evaluation of its performance on seed germination and emergence(CZECH ACADEMY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025) Tandoğan, Mesut; Özdemir, Mehmet; Aslan, Vedat; Hacıyusufoğlu, Ahmet F.; Kul, Ali Ayhan; Şen, Emine; Polatoğlu, Kaan; Oran, Duygu Sultan; Arıcıoğlu, Feyza; Turan, İlhami; Atmaca, SalihProtecting sessile oak [Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.] seeds from rodents is crucial to ensure successful germination and emergence in activities such as artificial regeneration, afforestation, and seedling production. This study examined the effects of 12 natural or nature-identical substances, believed to have repellent properties, on the germination, emergence, and survival of sessile oak acorns under both laboratory and field conditions. Acorns were coated using a diatomaceous clay-based pellet system, and a Y-maze experiment was conducted to evaluate rodent behaviour. As a result of the research, among the tested substances, Ferulago confusa and Foeniculum vulgare were recommended as rodent repellents due to their success in laboratory and field trials. Diesel fuel + hair, a conventional repellent, showed poor performance and is not recommended. This study underscores the potential efficacy of natural or nature-identical coatings for protecting seeds from pests in forestry applications.Öğe Optimization of Semi-Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Dispersions by Quality by Design Approach for Dermal Delivery of Curcumin(Springer, 2025) Badıllı, Ulya; Şen, Aslı; Yeğen, Gizem; Çiloğlu, Berna Güven; Aksu, Buket; Beşikçi, Arzu OnayCurcumin is an important anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of skin disorders. However, its low water solubility, poor bioavailability, and instability limit the utilization of curcumin. Semi-solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN and NLC) dispersions, which maintain their colloidal particle size despite their high viscosity, offer a novel promising approach with high potential for dermal curcumin delivery. In this study, novel semi-solid SLN-NLC formulations of curcumin were manufactured using a one-step method, without the need to disperse the nanoparticles in an additional vehicle. Modde Pro 12 was used to examine the relationship between variables and quality attributes. QbD-based formulation optimization was successfully performed using artificial neural network program (ANN), and optimum semi-solid SLN-NLC formulations were prepared. The particle size of the optimum formulations was found to be 204.7 ± 1.5 nm for SS-SLN-Opt and 198.5 ± 0.81 nm for SS-NLC-Opt, indicating that the particle sizes were within the targeted range. The amount of curcumin released from the SS-NLC-Opt formulation was 33.72 ± 4.99% at 24th Hour, which was higher than the release obtained from the eight SS-NLC formulations entered as input into the ANN program. On the other hand, while the curcumin release percentage at the 24th Hour from the SS-SLN formulations entered into the program ranged between 11.13% and 44.31%, the release amount for the SS-SLN-Opt formulation was found to be 38.34 ± 3.48%, which was within this range and close to the maximum value. Rheological characterization results indicated that the optimum semi-solid SLN and NLC formulations were more elastic than viscous. The stability of the optimum semi-solid SLN formulation at 4 °C was higher than that of the optimum semi-solid NLC after one month. In vivo studies in rats revealed that the optimum semi-solid SLN formulation exhibited higher anti-inflammatory activity than both the optimum semi-solid NLC and the conventional gel. The SS-SLN-Opt formulation effectively reduced the inflammation in rats starting from the first hour. In conclusion, the optimum semi-solid SLN formulation, which is more stable and has higher anti-inflammatory activity, is a promising alternative for the dermal delivery of curcumin.Öğe MEMF-Net: A Mega-Ensemble of Multi-Feature CNNs for Classification of Breast Histopathological Images(College of Education, Al-Iraqia University, 2025) Abdulaal, Alaa Hussein; Abdulwahhab, Ali H.; Breesam, Aqeel Majeed; Oleiwi, Zahra Hasan; Yassin, Riyam Ali; Valizadeh, Morteza; Mohsin, Saja NafeaPathological anatomical images play a pivotal role in diagnosing diseases, notably breast cancer, which affects women globally. These images, obtained through biopsies or post-mortem examinations, are preserved to maintain their structural integrity. Software tools, like computer-aided diagnosis, aid doctors in early detection and treatment planning, contributing to reduced mortality rates. In this context, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have emerged as valuable tools for diagnosing benign and malignant breast cancers. This paper introduces a Mega Ensemble Net method, leveraging multi-scale combination features on the breast histopathology dataset. Three fine-tuned deep learning models, namely ResNet-18, ResNet-34, and ResNet-50, are integrated into this method. Techniques such as patch extraction for data augmentation, dataset amalgamation, and transfer learning bolster the method’s capabilities. Fusing extracted patches with primary images enhances the method’s robustness and adaptability, offering diverse perspectives and intricate details for nuanced class distinctions. BACH and BreaKHis datasets have been used to evaluate the Mega Net. During four-fold cross-validation on the test folds, the Mega-Net demonstrates 99% test-set accuracy in the full image and 98% test-set accuracy in patches within the multi-classification BACH dataset and 99% test-set accuracy within the binary classification BreaKHis dataset. Moreover, the MEMF-Net achieved a multi-classification test accuracy of 98.95% across an optimal selected MEMF model in validation testing images.Öğe Performance Analysis of Wireless Optical Communication Systems(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Awad, Shuhad Rabah; Ünverdi, N. ÖzlemIn this study, a Free Space Optical (FSO) communication system and an Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) system were analyzed under different conditions. The systems were examined using fundamental parameters such as attenuation, modulation, and the maximum quality factor. These systems were modeled using the OptiSystem 18 simulation program, and their performances were evaluated under various weather and water conditions.Öğe Sodium Alginate Carboxymethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Beads for Oral Drug Delivery(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Ullah, Hidayat; Akram, Muhammad; Hassan, Ayaz; Khan, Haiqa; Irfan, Muhammad; Sinani, Genada; Ülker, ZeynepBiopolymer-based hydrogels exhibit strong potential for drug delivery applications due to their biocompatibility and ability to achieve various drug release profiles by modifying the polymeric matrix. Among the different delivery routes, oral administration remains the most preferred due to its convenience and high patient compliance. This study aims to synthesize and evaluate composite hydrogel beads for oral drug delivery, using paracetamol as a model drug. Hydrogel beads were prepared using sodium alginate of different viscosities, as well as composite formulations combining sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) at varying polymer concentrations. Calcium chloride was employed as an ionic crosslinking agent. The synthesized hydrogels were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Surface morphology was examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the average weight, dimensions, and pH-dependent swelling behavior (in distilled water, PBS pH 7.0, and pH 5.8) were evaluated. The results showed that hydrogel swelling was influenced by environmental pH. Composite hydrogels demonstrated higher drug loading capacities compared to native sodium alginate hydrogels. Drug release studies revealed enhanced release rates in composite formulations, with the release mechanism following the Korsmeyer–Peppas model, indicating diffusion-controlled release. These findings suggest that the developed hydrogels are promising candidates for oral drug delivery, pending further in vivo evaluation.Öğe Early Relapse with Isolated Myeloid Sarcoma in a Patient Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia with FLT3- D835Y Mutation(Springer Nature, 2025) Oktay, Burcu Kılınç; Gözen, Emine Deniz; Akı, Hilal; Uçar, Ayşe Kalyoncu; Arslan, Serdar; Uslu, Lebriz; Güler, Salih; Erdem, Melek; Aksoy, Başak Adaklı; Bozkurt, Ceyhun; Fışgın, Tunç; Ocak, Süheyla; Apak, HilmiIntroduction: FLT3-TKD (tyrosine kinase domain) mutations are identified in approximately 4% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases, and their prognostic significance remains unclear. While the association between myeloid sarcoma (MS) and FLT3-ITD positivity has been well documented, there is currently no definitive data regarding the relationship between FLT3-TKD mutations and MS, nor their impact on prognosis. We aim to present a case of a pediatric AML patient with the FLT3 D835Y mutation who initially presented with symptoms of mastoiditis and was subsequently diagnosed with MS. Case Presentation: An 11-year-old male patient with AML harboring the FLT3 D835Y mutation was in remission following treatment according to the AML-BFM 2019 protocol. After completing five cycles of chemotherapy, he was on maintenance therapy and receiving sorafenib. In the third month of maintenance, he presented to the emergency department with complaints of left ear pain and hearing loss. Initial suspicion was otomastoiditis, and he was treated with antibiotics. However, due to the persistence of symptoms, a biopsy was performed, which confirmed the diagnosis of MS. There was no evidence of bone marrow involvement. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and was subsequently referred for bone marrow transplantation. Unfortunately, he passed away one month after transplantation due to sepsis. Conclusion: When mastoiditis-like symptoms appear in a patient with a history of AML, clinicians should consider the possibility of MS, particularly in cases with rare mutations such as FLT3 D835Y. Although the prognosis is generally poor, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may offer a chance for cure. This case is noteworthy due to the uncommon immunophenotypic features and the rare localization of MS in the mastoid region.Öğe Design and optimization of 5 × 5 Network on the securing router with integrated SHA-3 & AES core in FPGA for wearable applications(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2025) Al-Sharea, Sara AbdulHaleem Nori; Çevik, MesutNetwork-on-Chip (NoC) has been a scalable and effective communication platform for contemporary multi-core systems, providing high-speed data exchange among IP cores with optimized power usage and security. Conventional NoC designs are plagued by latency bottlenecks and security issues, especially in wearable devices, where low power, real-time processing, and data confidentiality are essential. The current work introduces a 5 × 5 NoC router designed specifically for secure, low-power wearable systems, that employs AES-128 encryption and SHA-3 hashing to achieve end-to-end data integrity and confidentiality. Cryptographic cores are provided at the NI level based on pipeline-based encryption to minimize the processing overhead. The suggested FPGA-based NoC design reduces the utilization of logic gates by 10%, increases the speed of data processing by 5%, and decreases power consumption by 20%, which is suitable for resource-limited situations. Performance measurement under mixed traffic loads reveals that at a 1 Gbps injection rate, the system supports an end-to-end aggregate throughput of 1.05 Gbps with reduced flit transmission latency by 25% (from 120 to 90 ns) over traditional NoCs. The system also provides improved security with minimal degradation in throughput and a balance among data protection, performance, and power efficiency. These optimizations make the suggested secure NoC a strong candidate to implement real-time, low-power applications in wearable and IoT settings.Öğe Comparative evaluation of pediatric rotary file systems and hand files for root canal preparation in primary molars: an in vitro study(MRE PRESS, 2025) İlisulu, Sabiha Ceren; Birant, Sinem; Amasya, HakanBackground: The purpose of the study was to compare pediatric rotary files with hand K-files regarding the amount of dentin removal, root canal transportation, root canal surface area and volume in primary mandibular second molars using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Methods: A total of 36 primary teeth were randomly divided into four groups; K-file, Fanta AF Baby file, EndoArt Ni-Ti Pedo file Gold Kit, MiniSCOPE Ni-Ti Gold Pediatric file. Samples were imaged with CBCT before and after canal instrumentation. For root canal surface area and volume measurements, 3Matic (Materialize, Belgium) software was used. Linear measurements were performed using NNT iRYS software. Data analysis was conducted using the Dunn’s test and the Kruskal Wallis test. A significance level of p < 0.05 was used. Results: Compared to pediatric rotary files, the K-file was shown to remove a statistically greater amount of dentin at the coronal level (p = 0.032). The difference in dentin thickness with the K-file was significantly greater than with the EndoArt file (p = 0.017) and the MiniSCOPE file (p = 0.007). The volume difference with the MiniSCOPE file was significantly less than with the Fanta file (p = 0.002) and the EndoArt file (p = 0.032). Root canal transportation was significantly greater with the K-file compared to the Fanta AF Baby file in both the oblique (p = 0.031) and buccal-lingual (p = 0.006) directions. Conclusions: Pediatric rotary files could be considered an efficient alternative to the hand K-file in biomechanical instrumentation. Three dimensional analysis can provide better comprehensive approach to evaluating the pediatric rotary instruments.Öğe Flood Management with Flood Galleries in a Reservoir Basin(Springer, 2025) Dilek, Zuhal Elif Kara; Opan, Mucahit; Bacaksız, EfsunFuture precipitation patterns are expected to shift toward sudden, intense rainfall events. Therefore, existing water reserves must be adapted, and new management systems developed to address these changing conditions. Galleries can serve a dual role by diverting potentially threatening floodwater to delay its arrival at the dam while also contributing to groundwater recharge through infiltration. This study focuses on 25-year return period floods at Yuvacık Dam, Turkey. Water levels at the reservoir inlet were raised via a regulating structure, allowing the gravitational diversion of floodwater into galleries. Approximately 2.2 hm³ of floodwater was diverted; 1.8 hm³ was directed to galleries, and 0.4 hm³ infiltrated into groundwater. Changes in peak discharge and flood duration before and after diversion were analyzed using a MATLAB-based flood routing model. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine the effects of gallery diameter, slope, and permeability coefficient on infiltration performance. Results indicate a 16% reduction in peak flood discharge. The proposed system is expected to enhance both flood safety and water resource management by enabling controlled diversion and partial infiltration of potentially wasteful floodwaters.Öğe Securing Identity from Birth: Biometric Fingerprint Algorithms For Robust Childbirth Registration in Ghana(Academic Science Publications and Distributions, 2025) Bonney, Joseph; Patel, Warish; Patel, Monal; Koyuncu, HakanGhana faces persistent challenges in achieving universal birth registration, especially in rural and underserved communities. Traditional paper-based systems remain prone to loss, fraud, and inefficiencies, leaving many children without legal identity and limiting access to critical services such as healthcare and education. This study presents a biometric fingerprint-based childbirth registration system tailored for infants and mothers, designed to integrate with Ghana's national identity framework (Ghana Card). Using a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based fingerprint matching algorithm, our system achieved an identification accuracy of 86.7% for maternal-infant linking during controlled field testing in a selected Chps zone in Aburi, Akwapim South Municipality in the Eastern region in Ghana. The findings demonstrate that early-stage biometric data collection is feasible and reliable within low-resource settings. Ethical consent, data protection, and system misuse were addressed through community engagement protocols and adherence to Ghana's Data Protection Act. The results indicate that implementing a secure biometric registration system can significantly strengthen identity management in Ghana. The study’s primary contribution lies in the development and testing of a context-sensitive biometric algorithm that addresses both technological and infrastructural limitations, offering a scalable and secure model to help Ghana meet Sustainable Development Goal 16.9: ensuring legal identity for all, including birth registration.
